Health and Human Development Mid-Year Exam Revision

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers essential definitions and concepts for the Health and Human Development Mid-Year Exam $$2026$$, including dimensions of health, status indicators, and sociocultural influences.

WHO definition of health

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.

Concept of wellbeing

A combination of all dimensions of health, characterised by an equilibrium in which the individual feels happy, healthy, capable and engaged.

Combined definition of health and wellbeing

The state of a person’s physical, emotional, social, mental and spiritual existence, characterised by an equilibrium in which the individual feels happy, capable, healthy and capable.

Factors influencing overall health and wellbeing

Includes sleep, exercise, relationships, spiritual or religious beliefs and adaptability to change.

Physical health and wellbeing

Relates to the functioning of the body & its systems and physical capabilities to perform daily tasks.

Social health and wellbeing

The state of a person's interactions with others and the quality of their relationships.

Emotional health and wellbeing

The ability to express emotions in an appropriate way.

Mental health and wellbeing

Relates to a person’s mind or brain and the ability to think and process info, thought patterns, self-esteem, anxiety and stress levels.

Spiritual health and wellbeing

Relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the mind and conscience.

Prerequisites for positive health outcomes

Factors that create social, economic and environmental conditions such as peace, shelter, education, food and income.

Youth perceptions of health and wellbeing

Views influenced by personal beliefs, feelings, experiences and opinions, often relating to mental dimensions like coping with stress, school problems, body image and depression.

Subjective nature of health and wellbeing

The way in which people’s view of health and wellbeing is influenced by or based on personal beliefs, feelings, experiences or opinions.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People health and wellbeing

Emphasis on the importance of culture, including the social, emotional and cultural health and wellbeing of the whole culture and connection to family and land.

Health status

An individual’s or population’s overall level of health and wellbeing.

Self-assessed health status

An individual's own perception of their health and wellbeing, rated using $5$ options: poor, fair, good, very good and excellent.

Life expectancy

The number of years on average remaining to an individual at a particular age if death rates don’t change.

Mortality rates

The number of deaths in a population in a given period of time.

Years of life lost (YLL)

A measure of how many years of expected life is lost due to premature death.

Morbidity

The ill health of an individual and levels of ill health within a populations.

Incidence

The number of new cases of disease in a population during a given period.

Prevalence

The number of new cases of a particular disease present in a population at a given time.

Years lived with disability (YLD)

A measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to living with disease, illness or injury.

Disability adjusted life years (DALY)

Equals $1$ year of healthy life lost due to premature death and times lived with illness, disease or injury.

Rates of hospitalisation

The right of individuals to be admitted to a hospital and receive appropriate medical care and treatment when required.

Core activity limitation

Exists when an individual sometimes or always requires assistance in areas of self-care, mobility, or communication.

Psychological distress

Relates to unpleasant feelings & emotions that have an impact on an individual's level of functioning.

Sociocultural factors

Social and cultural conditions like socioeconomic status, social networks, family, and cultural background into which people are born, grow, live, work and age.

Health literacy

Relates to how people access, understand and use health information and services in ways that promote and maintain health and wellbeing.

self-assessed health status

individuals own perception of their health and wellbeing

education

those with higher level of education report fewer health concerns and better mental wellbeing than those with lower levels of education

Income

adequate access to resources promotes five dimensions of health and wellbeing

peace

decreased risk of premature death, serious injury or disability

shelter

provides number of benefits for example safety and security

food

increases ability of individuals to consume required nutrients enhancing physical health and wellbing

social justice

equal rights for all regardless of anything, same access to resources and opportunities

equity

need for fairness ensuring access to education and employment opportunities

stable ecosystem

predictable weather patterns contribute to effective farming promoting health and wellbeing improving food security

sustainable resources

adequate heating and cool leading to productivity at school promoting emotions such as contentment, enhancing emotional health and wellbeing