Anatomy Midterm 2 Practice Qs

veins are known to hold _____ amounts of ______ pressure blood

large, low

T/F: the internal and external elastic laminas in veins allow them to vasodilate and vasoconstrict.

FALSE, arteries not veins

which would you expect to find in blood after heart attack?
a. troponin
b. myoglobin
c. creatine kinase
d. all of the above

d. all of the above

which is considered the pacemaker of the heart?
a. sinoatrial nodal pathway
b. sinoatrial node
c. bundle of His
d. atrioventricular node

b. sinoatrial node

during expiration, the diaphragm _____ and pressure in the lungs ______

relaxes, increases

what kind of epithelium is found in respiratory mucosa?
a. simple squamous
b. pseudostratified ciliated columnar
c. transitional
d. stratified columnar

b. pseudostratified ciliated columnar

what are the smallest airways that have alveoli and lack respiratory mucosa?
a. respiratory bronchioles
b. tertiary bronchi
c. terminal bronchioles
d. segmental bronchi

a. respiratory bronchioles

what kind of epithelium is oral mucosa?

stratified squamous

total amount of teeth:
incisors -
cuspid/canine -
bicuspid/premolar -
molars -

8
4
8
12
(32 total teeth)

in the stomach, _______ cells release pepsinogen, while ______ cells release HCl.

chief, parietal

what structure prevents food from entering the esophagus from the stomach?
a. ileocecal sphincter
b. pyloric sphincter
c. cardiac sphincter
d. upper esophageal sphincter

c. cardiac sphincter

True or False: At any given time, there is a higher volume/amount of blood in your veins than your arteries

True

During inflammation all of the following can leak out of capillaries EXCEPT (assume normal inflammatory process in a healthy and undamaged capillary)
a. Proteins
b. White Blood Cells
c. Red Blood Cells
d. Plasma

c. Red Blood Cells

This type of cell makes up the structure of the alveolar walls
a. Type 1 alveolar cell
b. Type 2 alveolar cells
c. Macrophage
d. Enterocyte

a. Type 1 alveolar cell

A pneumothorax causes pressure in the pleural cavity to
a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. Not Change
d. Become negative

a. Increase

Secondary Bronchi are also known as
a. Respiratory Bronchi
b. Terminal Bronchi
c. Segmental Bronchi
d. Lobar Bronchi

d. Lobar Bronchi

Another name for these structures are the adenoids
a. Pharyngeal Tonsils
b. Laryngeal Tonsils
c. Palatine Tonsils
d. Lingual Tonsils

a. Pharyngeal Tonsils

The structure that restricts flow between the stomach and small intestines is the
a. Cardiac Sphincter
b. Iliocecal Valve
c. Pyloric Sphincter
d. Internal Anal Sphincter

c. Pyloric Sphincter

Gastric pits and gastric glands are found within which layer of the stomach
a. Mucosa
b. Submucosa
c. Serosa
d. Muscularis

a. Mucosa

The Hepatic Portal Vein caries blood from the ___________ to the ___________
a. Liver to Heart
b. Intestines to Heart
c. Intestines to Liver
d. Liver to Intestines

c. Intestines to Liver

What cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus are responsible for constricting thus limiting flow of blood into the glomerular capillaries
a. Podocytes
b. Extraglomerular Mesangial Cells
c. Macula Densa
d. Granular Cells

b. Extraglomerular Mesangial Cells

True or False: The majority of nephrons are located in the Medulla of the Kidney

False, mostly in cortex

What type of artery is best at handling large changes in pressure?
a. muscular b. elastic c. arterioles d. capillaries

b. elastic

What kind of epithelium is found in oral mucosa?
a. stratified squamous b. pseudostratified columnar c. simple squamous d. stratified columnar

a. stratified squamous

What are the smallest airways that have respiratory mucosa and no alveoli?
a. respiratory bronchioles b. tertiary bronchi c. terminal bronchioles d. segmental bronchi

c. terminal bronchioles

Noelle threw an Anatomage table at Spencer's face, and it knocked out 3 of his incisors. How many does he still have left in his mouth?
a. 9 b. 5 c. 1 d. 7

b. 5

What structure controls food entering the small intestine from the stomach?
a. ileocecal sphincter b. pyloric sphincter c. cardiac sphincter d. duodenal sphincter

b. pyloric sphincter

What cell in the small intestine is primarily responsible for absorbing nutrients?
a. enterocyte b. colonocyte c. podocyte d. hepatocyte

a. enterocyte

What are the large bumps on the internal surface of the large intestine that increase surface area?
a. circular folds b. villi c. turbinates d. haustra e. rugae

d. haustra

The valsalva maneuver can lead to short term ___________ in blood pressure in the brain, and long term ___________ in blood pressure in the brain.
a. increase; increase b. decrease; increase c. increase; decrease d. decrease; decrease

c. increase; decrease

Chemical digestion starts in the mouth with saliva, which contains __________, an enzyme that breaks down starches
a. pepsin b. HCl c. lipase d. amylase

d. amylase

Blood first enters the hepatic lobule through what vessel?
a. portal vein b. portal venule c. portal arteriole d. hepatic vein

a. portal vein

True / False: The majority of nephrons are located in the cortex of the kidney.

True

The internal anal sphincter is made of __________ muscle, and the external anal sphincter is made of __________ muscle.
a. smooth; smooth b. smooth; skeletal c. skeletal; smooth d. skeletal; skeletal

b. smooth; skeletal

Which of the following is a primary treatment for ARDS?
a. increase % oxygen inhalation b. antibiotics c. mechanical ventilation d. supine positioning

c. mechanical ventilation

Under the theory we learned in class, what structures do we think SARS-CoV-2 attacks?
a. veins b. nerves c. capillaries d. arteries

c. capillaries