English 3rd Quarter

Propaganda

Propaganda

It is using different methods to manipulate people into accepting an idea.

Bandwagon

This technique tries to persuade everyone to join in and do the same thing.

Testimonial

This technique uses an important person or famous figure to endorse a product.

Plain Folks

This technique uses normal people to promote a product or support a particular idea.

Repetition

This technique uses a name, keyword, or phrases repeatedly.

Transfer

This technique transfers good feelings, looks, or ideas to the person for whom the product is intended. It is also the use of symbols.

Emotional Appeal

This technique uses words to evoke positive feelings.

Name-calling

This technique uses negative words to create an unfavorable opinion of the competition in the viewer’s mind.

Faulty Cause and Effect

This technique uses a product that is credited with a positive result.

Compare and Contrast

This technique leads the viewer to believe one product is better than another, although no real proof is offered.

Snob Appeal

It is a type of advertisement that highlights the exclusivity of the product, thus creating desirability. It markets to the consumer's sense of superiority or individuality. 

Thrift

Discounts, promotions, sale, free items, vouchers, etc that appeal to the idea of saving money

Card Stacking

It is hiding important product information from the unsuspecting consumer.

Hasty Generalization

It is using generalization for a certain product or group without having enough evidence or opportunity to prove it

Rhetorics

It is the art of composing and delivering persuasive speeches

Ethos

It is about the credibility of the writer.

Logos

It is appeal to logic. (Facts, Examples, Statistics, Research)

Pathos

It is the appeal to audience’s feelings.

Kairos

It is appeal to time.

Logical Fallacy

It is an error in reasoning.

Ad Hominem

Latin for “Against the man”, It is attacking the person, and not their argument.

Straw Man Fallacy

Twisted version of the Argument

Appeal to Ignorance

No evidence

False Dilemma

Also known as Either-or Fallacy, It is limiting something to two choices, when in fact there are more.

Slippery Slope

It consists of imaginary events leading to “worst case scenario” if something happens

Circular Argument

It is when an argument is just repeated.

Red Herring

It is bringing up something somehow related but irrelevant to the topic.

Tu Quoque

Latin for “You too”, It is pointing out hypocrisy in the other person.

Fallacy of Sunk Costs

It is derived from an economic term that refers to any past expenses that can no longer be recovered.

Appeal to Authority

It cites irrelevant authorities, poor authorities, or false authorities.

Equivocation

Also known as Ambiguity, It is when the double meanings of a word is used for an argument (e.g. right meaning both “correct” and “the direction, opposite of left”)

Euphemism

It is sugarcoating words (making something sound good even though it isn’t)

Appeal to Pity

It appeals to the compassion and emotional sensitivity of others when these factors are not strictly relevant to the argument.

Bandwagon Fallacy

It assumes something is true (or good) because other people think so.

Post Hoc

Latin term for “Faulty Cause and Effect”, It is assuming that an event was the cause of a later event because it happened earlier.

Appeal to Tradition

It assumes a belief is good and/or true because it is traditional.

Persuasion

One’s ability to convince others to reconsider their points of view, to commit to purchasing merchandises or services foreign to them, or to take a course of action that they would not normally consider.

Rhetorical Questions

They are questions that are not intended or meant to be answered.

Emotive Language

They are word choices designed to arouse, stimulate, or invoke a strong emotional response from the audience.

Exaggerations

They are statements that are amplified, more prominent, or over-the-top. (In figurative language: Hyperbole)

Facts and Statistics

Various pieces of Information, made up of figures and data that can be used as reliable and factual pieces of evidence.

Alliteration

The same letter or consonant sound is used repeatedly in phrases or sentences.

Rule of Three

The utilization of three adjectives to prove a point and emphasize the degree of importance of a specific word.

Inclusive Language

The technique of consciously adding the readers in the delivery of the persuasive text.