genetics quiz 1

0.0(0)
Studied by 0 people
call kaiCall Kai
Locked
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
GameKnowt Play
Card Sorting

1/23

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Last updated 3:13 AM on 9/2/26
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced
Call with Kai
Chat

No analytics yet

Send a link to your students to track their progress

24 Terms

1
New cards
<ol><li><p>What type of diagram is this </p></li><li><p>How many pairs of Chromosomes (CHS)</p></li><li><p>How many CHS total?</p></li><li><p>How many Sister Chromatids (SC)?</p></li><li><p>What is the difference between XY vs XX?</p></li></ol><p></p>

  1. What type of diagram is this

  2. How many pairs of Chromosomes (CHS)

  3. How many CHS total?

  4. How many Sister Chromatids (SC)?

  5. What is the difference between XY vs XX?


  1. Karyotype: a picture of a human’s complete set of chromosomes

  2. There are 23 pairs of CHS

  3. 23 CHS maternal + 23 CHS paternal = 46 CHS total

  4. There are 92 SC

  5. XY is male & XX is female


2
New cards

what happens to DNA in each stage of the cell cycle

  1. G1 phase: 1st gap phase where the cell grows & prepares for DNA replication

  2. S phase: DNA synthesis/replication occurs → DNA is duplicated

  3. G2 phase: 2nd gap phase where the cell grows & prepares for mitosis or meiosis (PPMAT)

  4. G0 phase: Quiescent phase → cell is not actively dividing but is still metabolically active and can perform its normal functions


<ol><li><p><strong>G1 phase:</strong> 1st gap phase where the cell grows &amp; prepares for DNA replication</p></li><li><p><strong>S phase:</strong> DNA synthesis/replication <strong>occurs</strong> → DNA is duplicated</p></li><li><p><strong>G2 phase:</strong> 2nd gap phase where the cell grows &amp; prepares for <strong>mitosis or meiosis (PPMAT)</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>G0 phase:</strong> <strong>Quiescent</strong> phase → cell is not actively dividing but is still <strong>metabolically active</strong> and can perform its normal functions</p></li></ol><p></p>
3
New cards

What determines if the cell will commit mitosis or meiosis?

the CHS order line up

<p>the CHS order line up </p>
4
New cards

what is the difference between haploid and diploid

haploid cells contain a single set of unpaired chromosomes (n), while diploid cells contain two complete sets of paired, homologous chromosomes (2n).

<p>haploid cells contain a single set of unpaired chromosomes (n), while diploid cells contain two complete sets of paired, homologous chromosomes (2n).</p>
5
New cards

homo chs vs SC

Homologs = same chromosome, different parent
Sister chromatids = copies of the same chromosome

<p><strong>Homologs = same chromosome, different parent</strong><br><strong>Sister chromatids = copies of the same chromosome</strong></p>
6
New cards

chromosome size rule

more than 1 chromosome from a parent means they must be drawn with different sizes

<p>more than 1 chromosome from a parent means they must be drawn with different sizes </p>
7
New cards

position of the centromere classification

knowt flashcard image
8
New cards

allele

genetic variation of a gene

9
New cards

homo vs hetero allele

knowt flashcard image
10
New cards
<p>which phase of meiosis prophase 1 </p>

which phase of meiosis prophase 1

Leptotene Chromomeres visible + replicated chromosomes condense

<p>Leptotene Chromomeres visible + replicated chromosomes condense</p>
11
New cards
<p>which phase of meiosis prophase 1 </p>

which phase of meiosis prophase 1

Zygotene Synapsis begins + bivalent is forming

<p>Zygotene Synapsis begins + bivalent is forming</p>
12
New cards
<p>which phase of meiosis prophase 1 </p>

which phase of meiosis prophase 1

Pachytene Bivalent is formed + crossing over occurs → tetrad

<p>Pachytene Bivalent is formed + crossing over occurs → tetrad</p>
13
New cards
<p>which phase of meiosis prophase 1</p>

which phase of meiosis prophase 1

Diplotene Synaptonemal complex dissociates + chiasmata are visible

<p>Diplotene Synaptonemal complex dissociates + chiasmata are visible</p>
14
New cards
<p>which phase of meiosis prophase 1 </p>

which phase of meiosis prophase 1

Diakinesis Terminalization + nuclear membrane fragments → end of Prophase I

<p>Diakinesis Terminalization + nuclear membrane fragments → end of Prophase I</p>
15
New cards

mitosis

knowt flashcard image
16
New cards

meiosis (starting from metaphase 1)

knowt flashcard image
17
New cards

the sperm and ovum diagram (know how to draw)

  • Spermatogenesis → production of sperm

  • Oogenesis → production of eggs

  • Meiosis I → separates homologous chromosomes

  • Meiosis II → separates sister chromatids

  • Differentiation → cells become specialized; here, spermatids → spermatozoa


<ul><li><p><strong>Spermatogenesis</strong> → production of sperm</p></li><li><p><strong>Oogenesis</strong> → production of eggs</p></li><li><p><strong>Meiosis I</strong> → separates <strong>homologous chromosomes</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Meiosis II</strong> → separates <strong>sister chromatids</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Differentiation</strong> → cells become specialized; here, spermatids → spermatozoa</p></li></ul><p></p>
18
New cards

Spermatogonium

starting male germ cell

19
New cards

Oogonium

starting female germ cell

20
New cards

First polar body

small cell produced during female meiosis; gets very little cytoplasm

21
New cards

Spermatids

develops into sperm

22
New cards

Ootid

develops to ovum

23
New cards

Spermatozoa

mature sperm cells

24
New cards

Ovum

mature egg cell