APUSH DBQ unit 5

Missouri compromise (1820)

All states below the 36-30’ line were slave states and and all states above were free states

Nullification crisis (1832)

Confrontation between South Carolina and the US fed gov’t over tariffs. S. Carolina declared it unconstitutional and the conflict was eventually resolved through a compromise tariff

Texas Statehood (1845)

Texas achieved stated when the US annexed the Republic of Texas and admitted it as a state. Led to the Mexican-American war due to border dispute between the United States and Mexico

Mexican American war

A dispute about the boundary between the US and Texas. Mexico did not recognize Texas as a legitimate American territory. US won

Compromise of 1850

Established Utah and New Mexico as territories and allowed them to decide whether or not to permit slavery. It defined boundaries for Texas and abolished slavery in DC. Allowed for the capture and return of slaves who escaped. Ultimately the compromise failed to resolve disagreements and only served to postpone the war.

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, was about the cruelty of slavery and it increased sympathy toward slaves and led to more people becoming anti slavery. Sold 300,000 copies in the first year and highlighted the differences between the north and the south.

Kansas Nebraska act (1854)

Repealed the Missouri compromise, promoted a transcontinental railroad that would pass though Chicago, set up by senator Douglass in 1854 who wanted transcontinental railroad due so that it could the help the economy of Illinois where he was from. Was passed to organize the territory of Nebraska. Douglas offered a compromise that allowed settlers in territories to decide whether to legalize slavery (by popular sovereignty) in order to get what he wanted , which was a transcontinental railroad. This compromise reopened the land to the expansion of slavery

Formation of the Republican Party (1854)

Was a direct response to the Kansas Nebraska act. The act deeply alarmed the north and led to the creation of a new political group focused directly on opposing the spread of slavery

Bleeding Kansas (1856)

Series of violent conflicts in Kansas between abolitionists and pro slavery peoples. One was led by John Brown who took people to lure out 5 pro slavery men and then slashed and stabbed them and shot them in the head. Created tensions and displayed that the US couldn’t remain separated as Lincoln had mentioned in his house’s divided speech

Dred Scott decision (1857)

Was a slave in a state where slavery was illegal, his “owner” died and he tried to sue the widow for freedom but didn’t win because he wasn‘T considered a US citizen as a slave and a black person. Taney made this decision and it helped lead up to the civil war because it also increased tensions between north and south

Harper’s ferry/ John Brown’s Raid (1859)

Carried out by john brown, went down to the south with a bunch of men and seized weapons to give to slaves in the hopes that it would help them and start a rebellion. He and his men were captured and Brown was hanged. Drove north and south farther apart because it showed that the north was willing to kill and pursue violence in order to end slavery.

Lincoln’s election/ election of 1860

Lincoln won and this caused many states to secede because Lincoln was not on a single southern ballot meaning no one voted for him in the south. This displayed that the south didn’t have much power which caused them to secede

Secession of southern states (1860)

Southern states began to secede and left the United States to form the confederacy which further divided the north and the south and displayed that war was necessary to solve the issue of slavery

Crittenden compromise of 1860

Was a failed proposal of constitutional amendments in 1860 by senator John J Crittenden and its goal was to prevent the civil war by resolving the national dispute over slavery. Included extending the 36-30’ line and the prevention of future amendments from interfering with slavery in states where it already existed

Fall of fort Sumter (1861)

Was the first major event in the civil war. Confederate forces fired on the union held fort and the after 34 hours the union garrison surrendered. Confederate victory led to North’s call for volunteers, prompting more southern states to secede and join the confederacy