READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY PRELIMS

HISTORY

IT IS THE STUDY OF THE PAST, THE DISCOVERY, COLLECTION, ORGANIZATION, AND PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION ABOUT PREVIOUS EVENTS

COLLECTING EVIDENCE

HISTORIANS GATHER AND ANALYZE EVIDENCE TO CONSTRUCT NARRATIVES THAT EXPLAIN WHAT HAPPENED, WHY IT HAPPENED, AND IN WHAT CONTEXT

INTERPRETING EVENTS

HISTORIANS INTERPRET THE MEANING OF HISTORICAL EVENTS AND THE HUMAN MOTIVES BEHIND THEM

ORDERING FACTS

HISTORIANS ORDER FACTS, EXPLAIN DECISIONS AND PROCESSES, AND DISTILL PATTERNS AND LESSONS

EXPLORING THEMES

HISTORIANS EXPLORE THEMES THAT RESONATE THROUGHOUT TIME, SUCH AS POWER, WEAKNESS, CORRUPTION, TRAGEDY, AND TRIUMPH

HISTORIOGRAPHY

HISTORY ITSELF

PRIMARY SOURCES

THESE ARE THE FIRST HAND SOURCES PRODUCED AT THE SAME TIME OF THE EVENT, PERIOD, OR THAT IS BEING STUDIED

SECONDARY SOURCES

THESE ARE PRODUCED BY AN AUTHOR WHO USED PRIMARY SOURCES AS BASIS TO PRODUCE THE SAID MATERIAL

.DIARIES

PHOTOGRAPHS

LETTERS

SPEECHES

ARTIFACTS

GIVE 5 EXAMPLES OF PRIMARY SOURCES

TEXTBOOKS

JOURNAL ARTICLES

FILMS

NEWS ARTICLES

ARTISTIC RENDITIONS

GIVE 5 EXAMPLES OF SECONDARY SOURCES

DATE

LOCALIZATION

AUTHORSHIP

ANALYSIS

INTEGRITY

CREDIBILITY

GIVE 6 INQUIRIES OF HISTORICAL CRITICISM BY GARRAGHAN (1950)

LANGUAGE AND GENETICS

MATERIAL CULTURE

HABITATION PATTERNS

GIVE 3 SOURCES OF PREHISTORY

EXTERNAL CRITICISM

REFERS TO VERIFYING THE AUTHENTICITY OF EVIDENCES BY EXAMINING ITS PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

INTERNAL CRITICISM

REFERS TO THE EXAMINATION OF THE TRUTHFULNESS OF THE EVIDENCE THROUGH THE CONTENT OF THE SOURCE

KANGGAN AND BAHAG

PRE-COLONIAL MODE OF DRESSING FOR MALE

PUTONG

THIS IS A TURBAN WORN BY MEN IN THEIR FOREHEADS THAT TELLS THE SOCIAL STATUS AND ACHIEVEMENT OF THE INDIVIDUAL WEARING IT IT REFERS TO A NARROW STRIPS OF CLOTH

BARO / CAMISA AND SAYA / PATADYONG

PRE-COLONIAL MODE OF DRESSING FOR FEMALE

BAHAY KUBO

PRE-COLONIAL HOUSE MADE OF WOOD, BAMBOO, AND NIPA PALM

ARISTOCRAT / NOBLES

MAHARLIKA

ALIPIN

PRE-COLONIAL SOCIAL CLASSES

ALIPING NAMAMAHAY

ALIPING SAGIGILID

TWO TYPES OF ALIPIN

ALIPING NAMAMAHAY

A TYPE OF ALIPIN WHO HAD THEIR OWN QUARTERS

ALIPING SAGIGILID

A TYPE OF ALIPIN WHO LIVED IN THEIR MASTER’S HOUSE

BARANGAY

IT IS THE UNIT OF GOVERNMENT DURING PRE COLONIAL PERIOD

DATUS

BARANGAYS WERE HEADED BY CHIEFTAINS CALLED?

BALANGAY

THE TERM BARANGAY CAME FROM THE MALAY WORD MEANING BOAT?

ANIMISM

IT REFERS TO THE BELIEFS THAT OBJECTS, PLACES, AND CREATURS ALL POSSESS A SPIRITUAL ESSENSE

ANITOS OR DIWATAS

IT REFERS TO THE ADORED IDOLS WHOM THEY MADE OFFERINGS

AGRICULTURE

THE MAIN SOURCE OF LIVELIHOOD DURING PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD

BAYBAYIN

PRE-COLONIAL FORM OF WRITING

SHARP-POINTED TOOLS, LEAVES, BAMBOO, AND TRUNK’S SKIN

PRE-COLONIAL MATERIALS USED IN WRITING

FELIPE LANDA JOCANO

A WORLD RENOWNED FILIPINO ANTHROPOLOGIST WHO DISPUTED THE BEYER’S WAVE MIGRATION THEORY

NEGRITOS

MALAYS

TWO MAIN GROUPS OF PEOPLE THAT ACTED AS THE FOUNDATION ACCORDING TO JOCANO

SKULLCAP OF TABON MAN

EVIDENCE FOUND IN THE TABON CAVES IN PALAWAN

ROBERT FOX AND MANUEL SANTIAGO

TWO ARCHAEOLOGISTS WHO FOUND THE SKULLCAP OF THE TABON MAN

ASIAN REGIONALISM

______ IS THE PRODUCT OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION AND NOT POLITICAL PLANNING

THE 1997 / 1998 FINANCIAL CRISIS

THE _______ DEALTH A SEVERE SETBACK TO MUCH OF THE REGION, HIGHLIGHTING ASIA’S SHARED INTERESTS AND COMMON VULNERABILITIES AND PROVIDING AN IMPETUS FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION

AKAMATSU (1962) - FLYING GEESE

THE JAPANESE ECONOMIST ______ FAMOUSLY COMPARED THIS PATTERN OF DEVELOPMENT TO _______

EAST ASIAN DEVELOPMENT MODEL - KUZNETS 1988

COMPETITION IN GLOBAL MARKETS IS AT THE HEART OF WHAT IS NOW UNDERSTOOD AS THE ____________ (_____).

BIG PUSH

WHEN THE MODEL EMERGED IN THE 1950s, ITS FOCUS ON LABOR-INTENSIVE EXPORTS WAS NEW: THE PREVAILING “________” DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FAVORED LARGE, COORDINATED INVESTMENTS IN A BID TO ACHIEVE ECONOMIES OF SCALE, USUALLY IN IMPORT COMPETING INDUSTRIES

EAST ASIAN RENAISSANCE - GILL AND KHARAS (2007)

SINCE THE CRISIS, ASIA HAS RE-EMERGED AS THE WORLD’S MOST DYNAMIC REGION, EXPERIENCING WHAT A NEW WORLD BANK STUDY CALLED THE __________ (_________)

PRODUCTION

_______ ACCESS TO MARKETS, IN THE REGION AND BEYOND, IS CRITICAL TO ASIA AND THUS A HIGH PRIORITY ON THE REGIONAL AGENDA

DECOUPLING

SOME EXPERTS ARGUE THAT ASIA IS IN FACT “______” FROM THE WORLD ECONOMY

HISTORICAL, ARCHIVAL, ANTRHOPOLOGICAL, ARCHAEOLOPGICAL, ARTISTIC, ARCHITECTURAL

…WHILE LATTER CONSIDERS BUILT STRUCTURES WITH ____, ____, ____, ____, ____, AND ____ (RADZUAN AND AHMAD, 2015)

SPANISH - AMERICAN - JAPANESE

MOREOVER, THE COLONIZATION PERIOD IS FURTHER CATEGORIZED UNDER THE _____ (1571-1896), _____ (1896-1942), AND _____ (1942-1945)

1571

AFTER THE PHILIPPINES WAS DISCOVERED BY THE SPANISH IN 1521 AND SOVEREIGNTY WAS ESTABLISHED IN ____

HOLY BIBLE, DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA, PRAYER BOOKS, LIVES OF SAINTS AND MARTYRS

SPANISH LITERATURES WERE INTRODUCED WITH FOCUS ON THE SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY AND CATECHISM SUCH AS THE ______, _______, ______, AND THE _____ AND _____

JOSE GARCIA VILLA AND VIRGILIO ALMARIO

MOST LITERARY WORKS TOOK THE FORM OF FREE VERSE, MODERN SHORT STORIES, AND CRITICAL ESSAYS AND SOME KNOWN LITERARY WRITERS OF THE TIME INCLUDING NATIONAL ARTISTS ___________ AND _________

LITERATURE

________ IS BOTH AN ACT OF DISCOVERY AND AN ACT OF DISCLOSURE

1. AETA 2. HANUNOO 3. ILONGOTS 4. MANGYAN

THE INHABITANTS OF THE PHILIPPINE ARCHIPELAGO (1000 BC.)

PEOPLING OF THE PRE-COLONIAL PHILIPPINES

THE NEGRITOS WERE THE EARLY SETTLERS OF THE PHILIPPINES

PRE-COLONIAL CULTURE

THE EARLY FILIPINOS WERE COMPOSED OF DIFFERENT GROUPS THAT CAME FROM DIFFERENT PART OF ASIA

PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD

A LOOK INTO OUR PAST SETTINGS, CUSTOMS, PRACTICES AND CULTURE

PRE-COLONIAL CLOTHING

THE VISAYAN MEN WORE A JACKET WITH A MOORISH STYLE ROB, THAT REACH DOWN THEIR FEET AND WAS EMBROIDERED IN BEAUTIFUL COLORS.

PRE-COLONIAL WRITING SYSTEMS

DURING THE EARLY PERIOD, ALMOST EVERYONE IN THE SOCIETY, MALE OR FEMALE, KNOWS HOW TO READ AND WRITE. THEY HAVE THEIR OWN METHOD OF WRITING.

PRE-COLONIAL FORM OF GOVERNMENT

SEVERAL BARANGAYS SETTLED NEAR EACH OTHER OT HELP ONE ANOTHER IN CASE OF WAR OR ANY EMERGENCY

PRE-COLONIAL SOCIAL CLASSES

BEFORE THE COMING OF SPANISH COLONIZERS, THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINE ARCHIPELAGO HAD ALREADY ATTAINED A SEMI-COMMUNAL AND SEMI-SLAVE SOCIAL SYSTEM