DNA THE MOLECULE OF LIFE 6C

regulates the timing of cell duplication

cell cycle control system

codes for proteins that tell the cell when to duplicate

proto-oncogne

A mutation in a what type of gene can produce a hyperactive protein that promotes unnecessary cell division

growth factor gene

a mutation that deactivates a what gene may result in uncontrolled growth

tumor supressor gene

the spread of cancer cells in the body is called

metastasis

A benign tumor

no spreading

A malignant tumor

spreading

proteins that cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequences

Restriction enzymes

resulting fragments are called

restriction fragments

in what a human gene that produces an important protein is isolated

DNA cloning

it is then inserted into a piece of bacterial called. a

plasmid

a small circular DNA molecule that replicates separately from much larger bacterial chromosome

plasmid

plant or animal that has acquired one or more genes by artificial means is a what

Genetically modified organisms

copies target DNA quickly

PCR Polymerase chain reaction

involves cycles or heating and cooling

PCR

PCR are used to amplify one region of DNA called

primers

short single strands of dna, bind to the start and end points of the segment of DNA being amplified

Primers

scattered throughout the genome are

short tandem repeats sites

alternation of a persons genes in order to treat or cure disease by inserting the correct DNA into the cell

Gene therapy

the easiest disorders to fix are those with a WHAT

single defective gene

begins with isolation of the normal gene from a healthy person

Gene therapy

Enzymes are used to produce an WHAT version of the target DNA gene

RNA

The RNA gene is combined with an infectious but harmless

retrovirus