OCR A Level Chemistry 2.1.4.1 Acids - Acids, Bases, Alkalis and Neutralisation

What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

HCl

What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

H₂SO₄

What is the formula for nitric acid?

HNO₃

What is the formula for ethanoic acid?

CH₃COOH

What is the formula for carbonic acid?

H₂CO₃

What is the formula for sodium hydroxide?

NaOH

What is the formula for potassium hydroxide?

KOH

What is the formula for ammonia?

NH₃

What is an acid? (Arrhenius theory)

Substance that ionises in aqueous solutions to form hydrogen ions (H+)

What is an alkali? (Arrhenius theory)

Substance that ionises in aqueous solutions to form hydroxide ions (OH⁻)

What is a strong acid?

An acid that fully ionises into its constituent ions when in solution

What is a weak acid?

An acid that only partially ionises into its constituent ions when in solution

What is a strong alkali?

An alkali that fully ionises into its constituent ions when in solution

What is a weak alkali?

An alkali that only partially ionises into its constituent ions when in solution

What is the equation for neutralisation?

H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → H₂O (l)

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal oxide?

acid + metal oxide → salt + water

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a carbonate?

acid + carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and an alkali?

acid + alkali → salt + water

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal?

metal + acid → salt + hydrogen

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and ammonia?

ammonia + acid → salt