Medical Terms Chapter 10 & 11

cusis

hearing

esthet/o, esthesi/o

feeling, sensation

irid/o

iris, colored part of eye

kerat/o

horn-like tissue; hard; cornea

opia

vision condition

phasia

speaking

phobia

abnormal fear

phot/o

light

blephar/o

eyelid

caus/o

burn, burning

presby/o

old age

radicul/o

nerve root (of spinal nerves)

scler/o

hardening, sclera(white of eye)

Alzheimer’s disease

a group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language

amnesia

a memory disturbance characterized by a total or partial inability to recall past experiences

anorexia nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by a false perception of body appearance

cerebral contusion

the bruising of brain tissue as the result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the riding bone of the skull.

cerebrovascular accident

brain damage that occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted; stroke.

an abnormal fear of narrow, enclosed spaces

claustrophobiacog

cognition

the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

coma

a deep state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movement, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech.

concussion

violent shaking up or jarring of the brain

cranial hematoma

a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain

delerium

acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations

dura meter

thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord

encephalitis

inflammation of the brain

factitous disorder

condition in which a person acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick.

Lou Gehrigs disease is also known as?

Amytrophic Lateral Sclerosis

meningocele

the congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column

narcolepsy

a sleep disorder characterized by and uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

parkinson’s disorder

chronic degenerative disorder characterized by the fine muscle tremors, rigidity and slow shuffling gait

pia meter

the delicate innermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord

pill-rolling tremor

flexing and extending the fingers while moving the thumb back and forth, as if rolling something in the fingers, a common symptom of parkinson’s

Reye’s syndrome

potentially serious or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion; sometimes following aspirin being given for a viral illness.

somnambulism

the condition of walking or performing some other activities without awakening; also known as sleepwalking

stupor

unresponsive state from which a person can be aroused only briefly despite vigorous, repeated attempts.

syncope

“Passing out”, loss of consciousness of fainting

traumatic brain injury

a blow to the head or a penetrating head injury that damages the brain

amblyopia

a dimness of vision or the partial loss of sight, especially in one eye, without detectable disease of the eye

astigmatism

a condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea

auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes)

three small bones linked together that connect the eardrum to the inner ear

barotrauma

pressure-related ear condition

canthus

angle where the upper and lower eyelids meet

cerumen

a waxy substance secreted by glands located throughout the external canal; earwax

cilia

small hairs that make up the eyelashes and eyebrows

cochlea

a coiled (snail-shaped) , bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses

conjunctiva

Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball

corneal abrasion

an injury, such as a scratch or irritation, to the outer layers of the cornea

diopter

the unit of measurement of a lens' refractive power

diplopia

the perception of two images of a single object; also known as double vision

esotropia

outward turning of the eye, away from the nose

hemianopia

blindness in one-half of the visual field

keratoconus

a condition in which the cornea becomes irregular and cone shaped.

myopia

a defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina; also known as nearsightedness

nyctalopia

a condition in which an individual with normal daytime vision has difficulty seeing at night; also known as night blindness

otomycosis

a fungal infection of the external auditory canal

otoscleriosis

ankylosis (hardening) of the bones of the middle ear resulting in a conductive hearing loss

retina

the sensitive innermost layer that lines the posterior segment of the eye

Retinoblastoma

eye cancer caused by the abnormal growth of retinal cells

Snellen chart

chart used for testing visual acuity; contains letters of varying sizes and is shown from a distance of 20 ft; avg person who can read at this distance is said to have 20/20 vision

tinnitus

ringing or buzzing in the ears

tympanic membrane

The eardrum. A structure that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates in response to sound waves.

vertigo

Condition of dizziness, "room spinning"

extropia

outward turning of the eye, away from the nose