Prehistoric Architecture

HOA lesson 1 plng ni huhu

A prehistoric monument consisting of an upright stone, usually standing alone but sometimes aligned with others in parallel rows. (single stones)

MENHIR or MONOLITH

From the words daul, a table, and maen, a stone; A prehistoric monument consisting of two or more large upright stones supporting a horizontal stone slab or capstone, and usually regarded as a tomb. (multiple stones)

DOLMEN

A circular arrangement of megaliths enclosing a dolmen or burial mound; Enclosure formed by huge stones planted on the ground in circular form. (multiple stones)

CROMLECH

Three standing stones, two on the sides and one at the back.

Cove

A structure consisting of two upright stones supporting a horizontal lintel.

Trilithon

An artificial mound of earth or stone, especially over an ancient grave.

**TUMULUS**

\-       Use of natural stone/rock formations

\-       Cliff dwellings

Rock caves

Made of reeds, grass, leaves, tree branches, twigs, wattle and daub, etc. and covered or sheathed by animal skin

Huts

Covered with rush mats and an animal skin door and use of wooden poles as a framework

Tents

constructed of hard packed snow blocks built up spirally

Igloo

Covered with split reed mats, built on a reed platform to prevent settlement

Iraqi Mudhif

Built with timber and palm leaves with livestock underneath

Sumatran house

One of the world’s oldest continually inhabited city and with plaster floors, surrounded by high walls and towers

Jericho

One of the earliest Neolithic villages and utilized a complex architectural system built according to a preconceived plan, suggesting a structured social organization.

Khirokitia

Largest and most well-preserved Neolithic village. It is consisted of rectangular flat roofed houses packed together into a single architectural mass and has no streets or passageways.

Catal Huyuk

referring to the time before people recording history in writing

prehistory

known as modern man who lives a longest period in the past

homo sapiens

refers to the time after invention of writing

History

It traces the origin, growth and decline of architectural styles which have prevailed lands and ages

History of Architecture

Why did man seek shelter?

* ·         Protection from elements of nature and wild animals
* ·         Comfort to sleep and rest
* ·         Food storage
* ·         Perpetuation of human life

3 stages in the cultural evolution of man

* Stone age
* Bronze age
* Iron age

What period when they used stone and bone as instruments?

Paleolithic or Old stone age

What period when the livelihood is hunting and food gathering?

Paleolithic or Old stone age

What period when they learned to make fire?

Paleolithic or Old stone age

What period when they lived in caves and rock shelters?

Paleolithic or Old stone age

What period when they fashioned stone tools like a bow?

Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age

What period when they made body coverings from the animal hides?

Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age

What period when they made the canoe for fishing?

Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age

What period when they build huts made from bones, animal hides, reeds, and grass?

Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age

What period when they polished stone tools for grinding, cutting & chopping?

Neolithic or New Stone Age

What period when the pottery developed?

Neolithic or New Stone Age

What period when they do agriculture and domesticated animals?

Neolithic or New Stone Age

What period when they sew clothing from animal hides using fish bones as needles?

Neolithic or New Stone Age

What period when they build huts of stones and mud with thatched roofing?

Neolithic or New Stone Age

What period when they practiced burial rituals and built tombs?

Neolithic or New Stone Age

The packed clay walls of earlier times were replaced by those constructed of prefabricated units

Mud bricks

Structures such as tombs used for rituals and burial for the dead

Funerary buildings

Usually associated with ritual ceremonial activities and activities may be related to religion

Ritual buildings

Evidence of the first practices of religion and buildings used for rituals related to worship and religion

religious buildings

Structure served as places for the dead and places for tracking the course of time and understanding the cosmos

Megalithic structures