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40 Terms
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balls
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asdasd
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asdasdas
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asdasd
sadasdad
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endomysium
connective tissue sheath that surrounds each fiber
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muscle fiber
AKA muscle cell
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myofibril
organelles of the muscle responsible for contracting the muscle
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perimysium
membrane that covers several muscle fibers to form a bundle
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fascicle
bundle of muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium
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epimysium
tough connective tissue which binds many fascicles together and covers the entire muscle
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tendon
strong
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sarcolemma
the muscle cell membrane
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smooth muscles
in the walls of hollow organs
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skeletal muscles
attached to skeletal muscles
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cardiac muscles
make up the heart
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incerclated discs
reinforcing tissues that join the branching cardiac muscle cells
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functions of muscles
maintain posture
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motor unit
one neuron and all the muscle cells/fibers it causes to contract
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synaptic cleft
gap between a nerve cell and muscle fiber
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neuromuscular junction
the point where the nerve cell reaches the cell membrane of a muscle fiber
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neurotransmitter
a chemical that is released from the nerve cell
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isometric muscle contraction
muscles do not shorten
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isotonic muscle contraction
muscle shortens and body part moves
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aerobic exercise
creates stronger
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resistance exercise
muscle do increase in size. weightlifting
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orgin
where muscle is attached to immovable bone
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instertion
attachment of a muscle to a movable bone
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flexion
movement that brings two bones closer together
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extension
movement that increases distance of bones
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hyperextension
extension of a joint with an angle greater than 180 degrees
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abduction
moving a limb away from the body
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adduction
moving a limb toward the body
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dorsiflexion
lifting the foot so its superior surface is approaching the shin
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plantar flexion
pointing the toes away from the shin
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pronation
when forearm rotates and palm faces posteriorly (backwards)
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supination
forearm and palm face anteriorly (forwards)
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opposition
when tips of the fingers touch the thumb
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anaerobic respiration disadvantages
wastes glucose
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oxygen debt
when cells do not get enough oxygen as a result of prolonged activity
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antagonists
dorsiflexion and plantar flexion