Modern Blood Banking and Transfusion Practices Study Flashcards

Flashcard set generated from Modern Blood Banking & Transfusion Practices study questions covering fundamental concepts, blood group systems, donor processing, component therapy, and regulatory requirements.

What is the maximum volume of blood that can be collected from a 110-lb donor, including samples for processing?

525 mL

How often can a donor participate in a whole blood donation?

Every 8 weeks

When red blood cells are stored, what does a shift to the left in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve indicate?

Hemoglobin oxygen affinity increases owing to a decrease in $2,3\text{-DPG}$.

Which anticoagulant preservative provides a storage time of 35 days at $1^\times\text{C}$ to $6^\times\text{C}$ for units of whole blood and prepared RBCs without an additive solution?

CPDA-1

What are the required storage temperature and shelf life for platelet concentrates and apheresis platelet components?

5 days at $20^\times\text{C}$ to $24^\times\text{C}$

What is the minimum number of platelets required in a whole blood-derived platelet concentrate prepared by centrifugation in $90$% of sampled units?

$$5.5 \times 10^{10}$$

How long can frozen red blood cells be preserved before expiration?

10 years

What is the minimum number of platelets required in an apheresis platelet component in $90$% of sampled units?

$$3 \times 10^{11}$$

At what temperature range must whole blood and red blood cell units be stored?

$1^\times\text{C}$ to $6^\times\text{C}$

Approved additive solutions extend the storage period of red blood cells to how many days?

42 days

What average 24-hour post-transfusion RBC survival rate is required by the FDA for the approval of new preservation solutions?

More than $75$%

What is the lowest allowable pH for a platelet component at outdate?

$$6.2$$

How long can frozen and thawed RBCs processed in an open system be safely stored?

24 hours

Which metabolic change occurs in stored red blood cells over time?

pH decreases

What is the primary cause of bacterial contamination in platelet components?

Entry of skin plugs into the collection bag

In genetic pedigree analysis, what is another term used for the index case?

Propositus

Which four nitrogenous bases compose DNA molecules?

Adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine

What is defined as the coding region of a gene?

Exon

When a male inherits a phenotypic trait that he passes to all of his daughters but none of his sons, what is the mode of inheritance?

X-linked dominant

Which class of immunoglobulins is predominantly synthesized during a primary immune response?

IgM

Which class of immunoglobulins is predominantly synthesized during a secondary immune response?

IgG

Which MHC class is expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells?

Class II

Which subcomponent acts as the recognition unit in the classical complement pathway?

C1q

Which protein complex forms the membrane attack complex (MAC) in the complement cascade?

C5b, C6, C7, C8, C9

Which class of immunoglobulin is capable of crossing the placenta to cause hemolytic disease of the newborn?

IgG

What term describes a false-negative reaction resulting from an excess amount of antibody in a test system?

Prozone

What term refers to the net negative charge on the surface surrounding red blood cells in solution?

Zeta potential

What active antibody components are contained within polyspecific antihuman globulin (AHG) reagent?

Anti-IgG and anti-C3d

How does polyethylene glycol (PEG) enhance antigen-antibody binding reactions in vitro?

It concentrates antibodies by removing water molecules from the solution.

What immunodominant sugar confers group A blood specificity?

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine

Which ABO phenotype possesses the least amount of H antigen on the RBC surface?

A1B

Which blood group antigen is present in 85% of the white population and is clinically significant for transfusions?

D antigen

What class of biomolecules composes the structure of Rh antigens?

Proteins

At what incubation temperature do Rh system antibodies react most optimally?

$$37^\times\text{C}$$

Which autoantibody specificity is characteristically present in paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH)?

Anti-P

Which blood group system provides red cell resistance to Plasmodium vivax infection when absent?

Duffy

Which antibody specificity is most commonly linked with delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (DHTR)?

Anti-Jka

In an emergency situations where patient blood typing cannot be completed, which component should be issued?

O Rh-negative packed red blood cells

What is the minimum required storage duration for recipient and donor samples following a blood transfusion?

7 days

How many Antihemophilic Factor (AHF) activity units must be present in a single unit of whole blood-derived cryoprecipitate?

80 IU

What is the standard required storage temperature for frozen RBCs prepared using the high-glycerol technique?

$-65^\times\text{C}$ or lower

Once thawed, Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) must be transfused within how many hours?

24 hours

Which blood component is involved most frequently in cases of transfusion-associated sepsis?

Platelets

What is the primary cause of fatal hemolytic transfusion reactions?

Clerical errors

What is the clinical purpose of irradiating cellular blood components prior to transfusion?

To prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD)

What is the minimum recommended CD34+ cell threshold per kilogram required in an HPC collection for adequate engraftment?

$$2 \times 10^6\text{ CD34+ cells/kg}$$

Which membrane marker is utilized to evaluate and quantify hematopoietic stem cell collections?

CD34

Which viral agent is commonly transmitted through the fecal-oral route?

Hepatitis A Virus (HAV)

Pathological accumulation of which molecule causes kernicterus in neonates affected by HDFN?

Unconjugated bilirubin

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genes map to which human chromosome?

Chromosome 6

Which government entity regulates and oversees the safety of blood products in the United States?

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)