Biomechanics - Anatomical Planes, Axes, & Terminology

anterior

towards the front of the body

posterior

toward the back of the body

medial

toward the midline of the body

lateral

away from the midline of the body

superior

toward the head

inferior

away from the head

superficial

towards/on the surface of the body

profundus

away from the surface of the body

proximal

near the origin/point of attachment

distal

away from the origin of the extremity

Sagittal plane divides the body in ______ and _____ parts.

left and right

Transverse plane divides the body in _____ and ____ parts.

top and bottom

Frontal (Coronal) plane divides the body in _____ and ______ parts.

front and back

Jonah is doing jumping jacks. Which plane and axis is this movement happening on and about?

Frontal plane, sagittal axis

Taylor Swift is bending over. Which plane and axis is this movement happening on and about?

Sagittal plane, frontal axis

Travis Kelce is shaking his head at Taylor for bending over. Which plane and axis is this movement happening on and about?

Transverse plane, vertical axis

Zac Effron really wants to play baseball. He does a baseball pitch. What plane and axis is this movement happening on and about?

Oblique plane

What is a process?

Any prominent projection of a bone

Name all the articulating processes

Head, Condyle, Facet

Name all the non-articulating processes

Epicondyle, Trochanter, Tubercle, Tuberosity, Crest, Spine (ETTTCS)

Facet + example of facet

Smooth, flat surface (articulating ___ of the vertebrae)

Head (process) + example

Rounded, articular prjection supported by a neck (___ of hummerus)

Condyle + example

Large, knuckle-like, articular projection (medial ___ of femur)

Epicondyle + example

Smaller projection above condyle (medial ______ of femur)

Trochanter + example

Blunt projection (greater _____ of femur)

Tubercle + example

Small, knob-like, rounded process (greater ____ of humerus)

Tuberosity + example

Large, often rounded, usually roughened process