Exploring Mixtures and their Separation

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers the methods and formulas for expressing the concentration of solutions as described in the lecture notes on mixtures.

Mass by mass percentage (% m/m or % w/w)

A method to express concentration that tells us how many grams of solute are present in $100$ grams of the total solution.

Mass by mass percentage formula

$$\text{Mass by mass percentage} = \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Mass of solution}} \times 100$$

Mass of solution

The total mass calculated by adding the mass of the solute and the mass of the solvent ($\text{Mass of solution} = \text{Mass of solute} + \text{Mass of solvent}$).

Mass by volume percentage (% m/v or % w/v)

A method to express concentration that tells us how many grams of the solute are present in $100$ millilitres of the solution; commonly used in medicines and laboratories.

Mass by volume percentage formula

$$\text{Mass by volume percentage} = \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Volume of solution}} \times 100$$

Glucose Intravenous Infusion

A medical application of mass by volume percentage, cited in the text as a solution labeled $5\% \text{ w/v}$ containing glucose.

White Vinegar (Composition)

A commercial product identified in the transcript (Fig. 5.4c) as containing $5\% \text{ v/v}$ Acetic Acid.

Packaged food labels

Labels that use mass by mass percentage to show the composition of substances like salt, sugar, or protein in items like milk powder or spice mixtures.

Example 5.1 Result

A solution where $10\,g$ of salt is dissolved in $90\,g$ of water results in a concentration of $10\% \text{ m/m}$.

Example 5.2 Result

A solution where $5\,g$ of glucose is dissolved in water to make $100\,mL$ of solution results in a concentration of $5\% \text{ m/v}$.