Native American Societies and European Contact

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to Native American societies, European expansion, and the interactions during the early colonial period.

What did the Pueblo Native Americans primarily cultivate and why was it significant?

The Pueblo cultivated corn, squash, and beans, with corn being spiritually significant.

How did the Sioux society adapt to its environment?

The Sioux developed a mobile lifestyle to follow buffalo herds in the Great Plains.

What was the significance of the Hopewell tribes in the Northeast?

The Hopewell tribes developed trade networks and relied heavily on corn for their mixed agricultural economy.

What role did the Spanish seek in the New World?

The Spanish sought to acquire gold, land, and spread Catholicism among Native Americans.

What was the effect of the Columbian Exchange on Europe?

The Columbian Exchange introduced new crops such as corn and tomatoes to Europe, stimulating population growth.

What technological improvements aided European exploration?

Improvements like caravels and the astrolabe enhanced maritime navigation for transatlantic voyages.

What impact did smallpox have on Native American populations?

Smallpox caused widespread death among Native Americans who lacked immunity to the disease.

What was the encomienda system and its significance?

The encomienda system exploited Native American labor for agriculture and mining, reflecting colonial economic practices.

How did the caste system in Spanish colonies define social hierarchy?

The caste system categorized individuals based on race and origin, affecting taxation and social status.

What was the Pueblo Revolt and its significance?

The Pueblo Revolt was a response to Spanish colonization; it aimed to preserve Native beliefs and practices against forced Christianity.