Module 1A: Upper Airway Disorders

Vocabulary flashcards covering the definitions and types of upper airway disorders, including rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, pharyngitis, and associated conditions as described in the lecture notes.

Rhinitis

A group of disorders characterized by inflammation and irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose.

Seasonal rhinitis

A classification of allergic rhinitis that occurs during pollen seasons.

Perennial rhinitis

A classification of allergic rhinitis that occurs throughout the year.

Rhinorrhea

Nasal discharge, commonly referred to as a runny nose.

Viral Rhinitis

Most frequent viral infection, also known as the common cold, which is a self-limiting, acute inflammation of the nasal cavity mucous membranes.

Rhinosinusitis

Formerly called "sinusitis," it is the inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and the nasal cavity.

Acute rhinosinusitis

Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity with symptoms lasting less than $4$ weeks.

Subacute rhinosinusitis

Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity with symptoms lasting $4$ to $12$ weeks.

Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS)

Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity with symptoms lasting more than $12$ weeks.

Hyposmia

A decreased sense of smell, frequently associated with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Rhinitis medicamentosa

Rebound nasal congestion caused by the overuse of over-the-counter nasal sprays.

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS)

A surgical procedure indicated to correct structural deformities that obstruct the ostia (openings) of the sinuses when medical therapy fails.

Pharyngitis

Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx, commonly known as a "sore throat."

Hypertrophic pharyngitis

A type of chronic pharyngitis characterized by general thickening and congestion of the pharyngeal mucous membrane.

Atrophic pharyngitis

A late stage of chronic pharyngitis where the membrane is thin, whitish, glistening, and at times wrinkled.

Chronic granular pharyngitis

A type of chronic pharyngitis characterized by numerous swollen lymph follicles on the pharyngeal wall.

Scarlatina

A form-rash with urticaria known as scarlet fever, which can occur during acute pharyngitis.

Adenoids

Also known as pharyngeal tonsils, these consist of lymphatic tissue near the center of the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.

Peritonsillar Abscess

Also known as "quinsy," it is a collection of purulent exudate between the tonsillar capsule and surrounding tissues, often following an acute tonsillar infection.

Trismus

Difficulty opening the mouth, which is a clinical manifestation of a peritonsillar abscess.

Odynophagia

Painful swallowing, often reported in patients with peritonsillar abscesses.

Otalgia

Pain in the ear, which may occur as a symptom of peritonsillar abscess.

Laryngitis

Inflammation of the larynx, often caused by voice abuse, exposure to pollutants, or as part of an upper respiratory infection (URI).