Animal Diversity Vocabulary

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from lecture notes on animal diversity.

Animals

Eukaryotic/Multicellular heterotrophs with digestive enzymes, complex tissue, mostly sexual reproduction, and mobile.

Parazoa

Animals with no true tissues.

Eumetazoa

Animals with specialized tissues.

Bilateria

Animals with bilateral symmetry and are triploblastic.

Radiata

Animals with radial symmetry and are diploblastic.

Ecdysozoa

Includes arthropods and roundworms; animals that molt.

Lophotrochozoa

Includes flatworms, rotifers, ribbon worms, annelids, and mollusks.

Deuterostomia

Includes chordates and echinoderms.

Asymmetry

No symmetry.

Radial Symmetry

Symmetry around a central axis.

Bilateral Symmetry

Distinct left and right sides.

Endoderm

Inner germ layer; develops into the lining of the digestive tract.

Mesoderm

Middle germ layer; develops into muscles, and much of the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems.

Ectoderm

Outer germ layer; develops into the epidermis and nervous system.

Triploblast

Animals with three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm).

Diploblast

Animals with two germ layers (endoderm and ectoderm).

Acoelomate

An animal that lacks a coelom, or body cavity.

Eucoelomate

An animal with a true coelom, a body cavity completely lined by mesoderm.

Pseudocoelomate

An animal with a pseudocoelom, a body cavity only partially lined by mesoderm.

Deuterostomes

The opening that forms during gastrulation in deuterostomes becomes the anus, while in protostomes it becomes the mouth.

Protostomes

The opening that forms during gastrulation in protostomes becomes the mouth.

Phylum Porifera

Irregular shape, aquatic, few cell types, no organ systems, do not move, filter-feeders; includes sea sponges.

Phylum Cnidaria

Diploblastic, radial symmetry, tentacles, may be sessile (polyps) or motile (medusa); includes jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones.

Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Parasitic, triploblastic, bilateral symmetry; includes tapeworms and planaria.

Phylum Nematoda

Alimentary canal, developed digestive tract, dioecious; includes roundworms and pinworms.

Phylum Arthropoda

Jointed feet, dominate animal kingdom, exoskeleton of chitin, jointed appendages, dioecious; includes crabs, lobsters, and insects.

Phylum Molluska

Mostly marine, soft-bodied animals, muscular foot, sexual reproduction; includes snails, slugs, octopuses, and clams.

Phylum Annelida

Segmented worms with a closed circulatory system, often hermaphroditic; includes earthworms and leeches.

Phylum Echinodermata

All marine animals, radial symmetry, calcified endoskeleton; includes starfish and sea urchins.

Phylum Chordata

Animals with a backbone and bilateral symmetry.