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Alternating Current
electrically charged particles that repeatedly reverse direction, vibrating about relatively fixed positions
Ampere
unit of electric current, equivalent to 1 Coulomb per second
Coulomb
the unit of electrical charge - it is equal in magnitude to the total charge of 6.25 × 10 ^18 electrons
Coulomb’s Law
The electrical force between two charged bodies is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
Direct Current
electrically charged particles flowing in one direction only between them
Electric Current
the flow of electric charge that transports energuu from one place to another - measured in amperes
Electrically Polarized
term applied to an atom or molecule in which the charges are aligned so that one site has a slight excess of positive charge and the other side a slight excess of negative charge
Electric Power
the rate of energy, or rate of doing work - measured by power = current x voltage
Electrical Resistance
the property of a material that resists the flow of charged particles through it - measured in ohms
Ohm’s Law
the statement that the current in a circuit varies in direct proportion to the voltage across the circuit and inversely with the circuit’s resistance - current = voltage / resistance
Parallel Circuit
an electric circuit in which electrical devices are connected so that the same voltage acts across each one and any single one completes the circuit independently of all the others
Series Circuit
an electric circuit in which electrical devices are connected so that the same electric current exsists in all of them
Voltage
a form of “electrical pressure” - voltage = potential energy/ charge
What is the Law of Conservation of Change?
charge cannot be created nor destroyed (think Conservation of energy/momentum/etc.)
How does a person get shocked?
when there is a difference in voltage between one part of your body and another part
How is an electron current similar to a water current? How are the two different?
Sim: pipes carry water/wires carry electrons - it can move easy in a conducting material
Diff: electric current can flow through insulators
In which direction do electric currents flow?
the direction in which a postive charge would move
Basic structure of an atom
protons, neutrons, electrons
What are the two basic rules for electricity?
like charges repel each other
opposite charges attract each other
What is overloading? How can you prevent it?
carrying more than it can handle - hazards
prevent - fuses, surge protectors, etc.
Note
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