Sensation

Sensation

The process by which our senses gather information from the outside world, resulting in sensations such as brightness and loudness.

Perception

The conscious experience of the world, involving the transformation of raw sensations into meaningful experiences.

Transduction

The process by which physical energy is converted into neural energy through receptors.

Absolute Threshold

The lowest level of intensity at which a stimulus can be detected 50% of the time.

Weber's Law

A principle stating that the difference threshold increases in proportion to the original intensity of the stimulus.

Photoreceptors

Cells in the retina that respond to light; they play a critical role in vision.

Rods and Cones

Types of photoreceptors in the retina; rods are responsible for vision in dim light, while cones detect color and fine detail.

Trichromatic Theory

The theory that color vision is based on the activation of three types of cones sensitive to different wavelengths of light (blue, green, and red).

Pheromones

Chemicals secreted by the body that can elicit physiological responses in others, often related to mating and attraction.

Endorphins

Natural pain-relieving substances produced by the body; they are released in response to pain or stress.

Taste Buds

Sensory organs located on the tongue that allow the detection of different tastes such as sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami.

Hearing (Frequency)

The perception of sound based on the frequency of sound waves, measured in Hertz (Hz).

Amplitude (Decibels)

The measure of sound wave intensity, perceived as volume, and measured in decibels (dB).

Olfaction

The sense of smell, which involves the detection of odor molecules through olfactory receptors.