neuroanatomy

What are the three main parts of the brain?

Hindbrain, Midbrain, Forebrain.

What are the autonomic functions associated with the Hindbrain?

Pons, cerebellum, medulla.

Which part of the brain is responsible for higher order processing?

Forebrain.

What is the cerebral cortex also known as?

Gray matter.

What is the function of the corpus callosum?

Connects the left and right sides of the cerebrum.

What are the main functions of the left brain?

Logic, science, time, language.

What are the main functions of the right brain?

Creativity, art, intuition, imagination.

What are the four main lobes of the brain?

Parietal, frontal, occipital, temporal.

What is the fifth lobe of the brain called?

Insular Cortex.

What is the primary function of the frontal lobe?

Speech, personality, planning, and judgment.

What does the parietal lobe process?

Sensory input such as touch, pain, pressure, and sight.

What is the primary function of the temporal lobe?

Processing auditory stimuli and associated with memory and language.

What is the function of the occipital lobe?

Receives and processes visual stimuli.

What does the brainstem connect?

Connects the brain with the spinal cord and cerebellum.

What is the role of the pons in the brainstem?

Links the brain to the spinal cord and handles unconscious movements.

What is the function of the medulla?

Regulates heartbeat and breathing.

What is the cerebellum often referred to as?

The 'little brain'.

What is the limbic system associated with?

Emotions and drives for homeostasis.

What are the main components of the limbic system?

Amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus.

What role does the amygdala play in the limbic system?

Emotional learning and responses.

What is the main function of the hippocampus?

Converts short-term memories to long-term memories.

What are the functions of the hypothalamus?

Regulates hormone production, sleep-wake cycles, appetite, and temperature.

What is the role of the thalamus in the brain?

Central control center for relaying sensory and motor messages.

What does the prefrontal cortex enable?

Judgment, planning, social interactions, and new memory processing.

What is chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)?

A type of brain damage associated with ventricular enlargement and atrophy.

What happens in split brain patients during a word recognition test?

They cannot verbally identify a word seen in the right visual field but can draw it.

What is neglect syndrome?

A deficit in attention and awareness towards the side of space opposite to brain damage.

What are the two types of neuroplasticity?

Structural plasticity and functional plasticity.