APPSY

Attribution Theory

The tendency to give explanations for someone's behavior, often by crediting the situation or the person's disposition.

Fundamental Attribution Theory

The tendency to overestimate the impact of a person's disposition and underestimate the impact of the situation.

Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon

The tendency to agree to larger requests after initially agreeing to a smaller one.

Zimbardo

Known for the Stanford Prison Experiment, which demonstrated the impact of role-playing on behavior.

Cognitive Dissonance

The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes.

Asch

Known for research on conformity, the tendency to go along with the views and actions of others.

Milgram

Known for the obedience study, demonstrating people's willingness to obey authority figures.

Social Facilitation

Improved performance in the presence of others.

Social Loafing

The tendency for individuals to exert less effort in a group setting.

Deindividualization

Loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations.

Group Polarization

Strengthening of prevailing attitudes in a like-minded group.

Groupthink

A mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a group overrides realistic decision-making.

Just-World Phenomenon

The belief that the world is just and people get what they deserve.

Social Traps

Situations where conflicting parties become caught in mutually destructive behavior.

In-group

People with whom one shares a common identity.

Out-group

Those perceived as different from oneself.

Hindsight Bias

The tendency to believe that one would have predicted an outcome after knowing it.

Prejudice

Unjustifiable attitudes towards a group and its members.

Mere Exposure Effect

Increased liking for a stimulus due to repeated exposure.

Altruism

Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.