Nuclear Energy

Fission vs. Fusion

How does a reactor work?

• A neutron strikes a U atom, causing it to split beginning a chain reaction

• Control rods absorb the neutrons to slow the reaction, water is moved around the core to slow the neutrons

• The heat from fission boils the water in a primary loop, creating high pressure steam

• The steam is directed into a turbine, which is connected to a generator producing electricity

• The steam is then cooled, turning into water to be reused

What are some parts and their use in the reactor

• Control Rods → slow the reaction, captures the neutron (B,Cd)

• Fuel Rods → Holds the nuclear fuel, acting as the source of heat

• Water → To cool the core & to evaporate into steam the fuel the turbine.

• Reactor Vessel → Contains the nuclear fuel, providing structure for the core.

What is a nuclear meltdown?

A nuclear accident where the fuel rods overheat and melt due to a loss of cooling.

Pros and Cons of Nuclear energy?

What is done with nuclear waste? What is considered when disposing of it?

• Nuclear waste is stored on site, in water or concrete

• The long-term radioactivity and potential harm to organisms.