chemistry period table test

Who was the father of the periodic table and how did he arrange it?

Dimitri Mendeleev – increasing atomic mass

Who designed the modern periodic table and how did he arrange it?

Henry Mosley – increasing atomic number

How is the modern periodic table arranged?

By increasing atomic number

What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called?

Periods – There are 7 periods, also number of energy levels for elements in that period

What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called?

Groups or Families

For the representative elements, what do the roman numerals also represent? (think electrons)

Valence(outer level) electrons

What are the three types of elements found on the periodic table?

Metals, non-metals and metalloids

What type of element are most of the elements on the periodic table and what are their characteristics?

Metals – malleable, conduct heat/electricity, ductile, shiny

What type of elements are touching the zig-zag line and what are their characteristics?

Metalloids – have properties of both non-metals and metals

What type of elements are in the right upper corner and what are their characteristics?

Non-metals – dull, brittle, not good conductors of heat or electricity

What is the name of the family in: Group IA

Alkali Metals

What is the name of the family in: Group IIA

Alkaline Earth Metals

What is the name of the family in: Group VII A

Halogens

What is the name of the family in: Group VIIIA

Noble Gases

What are the characteristics of the lanthanides and what atomic numbers do they start and finish?

Shiny and reactive, numbers, 57 - 71

What are the characteristics of the actinides and what atomic numbers do they start and finish?

Shiny, all radioactive, most are man made, 89-103

What is another name for the lanthanides and actinides due to they were pulled out and placed below so the table wouldn’t be too wide?

Inner transition metals

Due to having the same number of outer electrons, elements in a family all have what that is similar?

 Properties

What element does not belong to any family?

Hydrogen, odorless, colorless gas

What two groups contain only metals?

Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals

What group is all non-metals?

Halogens

What group is found down between groups IIA and IIIA?

Transition Metals

What is the trend of reactivity of metals?

Increases down a group, decreases left to right across a period

What is the trend of reactivity of non-metals?

Decreases down a group, increases left to right across a period

What is the trend of electronegativity?

Decreases down a group, increases left to right across a period

What is the trend of atomic radius?

Increases down a group, decreases left to right across a period

Why are cations of elements smaller than their neutral atoms?

Metals form cations due to they give away their electrons. When metals give away their electrons, they lose an entire energy level, so they are smaller than their neutral atom

Why do cations lose electrons?

To obtain the noble gas configuration of the noble gas that comes before them.

1. ^{Why do anions gain electron}

To obtain the noble gas configuration of the noble gas that comes after them.

Why are anions of elements larger than their neutral atoms?

Non-Metals form anions due to they gain electrons. When non-metals gain electrons, the nucleus has more electrons to cover. Anions are larger than their neutral atom.

What is the trend of ion radius?

Increases down a group, decreases left to right across a period

What type of elements form cations?

Metals

What type of elements form anions?

Non-Metals

Which group contains elements that represent all three states of matter?

The Halogens

What factors determines trends for groups and what factor determines trends for periods?

For groups – energy levels and shielding

For periods – nuclear charge