Cellular Respiration Review

What is the final equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

C6H12O6 + 6O2= 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

What are the two reactants needed to perform cellular respiration?

Glucose and Oxygen

What are the three products formed after cellular respiration occurs?

Carbon Dioxide, Water, and ATP

Where does Glycolysis take place?

The cytoplasm

Does Glycolysis require O2?

No

What is the net yield of glycolysis?

2 Pyruvate, 2 ATP, and 2 NADH

What happens during glycolysis?

Glucose is broken down into pyruvate

What is NADH?

A coenzyme/electron acceptor

Where does Pyruvate Oxidation take place?

The mitochondrial matrix/intermembrane space

What do the 2 pyruvate molecules become after pyruvate oxidation?

2 Acetyl-CoA

Where does the Krebs Cycle occur?

The mitochondrial matrix

What is the net yield of the Krebs Cycle?

2ATP, 6NADH, 2FADH2, and CO2

Where does the electron transport chain take place?

The inner mitochondrial membrane

What is the final electron acceptor of cellular respiration?

Oxygen

What is an autotroph?

An organism that can produce its own food

What is substrate-level phosphorylation?

The process of adding an inorganic phosphate group to ADP directly

What is oxidative phosphorylation?

The process of making a lot of ATP through the reduction of electron carriers in the electron transport chain and the proton gradient

Do oxidized molecules or reduced molecules have more chemical energy?

Reduced

What are the four stages of cellular respiration?

Glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, Krebs cycle, and Oxidative phosphorylation

What is the net yield of pyruvate oxidation?

Acetyl-CoA, NADH, and CO2

During which 2 processes of cellular respiration is CO2 released?

Pyruvate Oxidation and the Krebs cycle

In what molecules is energy stored after the Krebs cycle?

ATP, NADH, and FADH2

What are the two units that make up ATP synthase?

F0 and F1

What molecule causes bread to rise from yeast being incorporated?

CO2

In which organisms does lactic acid fermentation occur?

Animals and Bacteria

In which organisms do ethanol fermentation occur?

Plants and Fungi

What does pyruvate become at the end of lactic acid fermentation?

Lactic acid and NAD+

What does pyruvate become at the end of ethanol fermentation?

Ethanol and NAD+

Which kinds of molecules can be used for ATP production?

Carbohydrates, Lipids and Proteins

Why can carbs, lipids, and proteins be used for cellular respiration?

They contain high-energy bonds that can be broken to release energy

What is another name for fermentation?

Anerobic respiration

In which stages of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation occur?

Glycolysis, Pyruvate Oxidation, and the Krebs Cycle

Which form of anaerobic respiration produces CO2?

Ethanol Fermentation

What are the two other names for the Citric Acid Cycle?

Krebs and TCA

Where is Glycogen stored?

In muscle and liver cells

Through what process are fatty acids shortened?

B-Oxidation

What are lipids broken down to from B-Oxidation?

Glycerol and acetyl-CoA

What is Phosphofructokinase-1?

An important enzyme involved in glycolysis