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causes of TBI:
MVA (stroke), assault, GSW, sports, explosion
concussion results resolve around:
7-10 days
CTE (chronic traumatic encephalopathy) defintion:
repeat injury
common symptoms are dec verbal/visual memory, processing speed, impulse control, orientation, attention, exec func
TBI closed vs open head injury:
closed is:
most frequent
acceleration vs deceleration
coup contre-coup injury
can have focal lesions
open is:
from outside in (like a GSW)
penetrating through skull/meninges
damage along path of penetrating injury
focal brain areas/networks that include those areas
what are some injury related sequelae?
cell death (force during TBI - blunt force trauma)
diffuse axonal injury
brain edema (swelling)
anoxia
autoreg problems
metabolic issues
post traumatic seizure
hydrocephalus (build up of fluid)
what is the Rancho Los Amigos Scale?
used to document in acute phase
10 levels
we usually can evaluate cog/comm around level VI or higher
see earlier for swallowing