HLTH 450 exam 2

Follicular Phase

Follicles develop in the ovaries; estrogen levels rise.

Ovulation

Release of a mature egg triggered by an LH surge.

Luteal Phase

Corpus luteum forms and secretes progesterone; the endometrium thickens.

Conception

Conception typically happens in the fallopian tubes.

Fertile Window

The fertile window refers to the 5-6 days leading up to and including ovulation when conception is most likely.

Estrogen

Produced in ovaries, regulates the menstrual cycle.

Progesterone

Produced by the corpus luteum, maintains the uterine lining for pregnancy.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Produced by the pituitary gland, triggers ovulation.

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Stimulates follicle growth in ovaries.

Preconception Planning

Preconception planning involves preparing for pregnancy by addressing health, lifestyle, and medical considerations beforehand.

Barrier Methods

Prevent STIs but require consistent use.

Hormonal Methods

Highly effective but may have side effects.

Common Physical Signs of Pregnancy

Missed period, nausea, breast tenderness, and fatigue.

Due Date Calculation

Use the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) and add 280 days (40 weeks).

20-week Prenatal Check-up Tests

An ultrasound to check fetal anatomy, growth, and development.

Essential Nutrients During Pregnancy

Folic acid, iron, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids.

Stages of Labor

First Stage: Dilation and effacement of the cervix. Second Stage: Delivery of the baby. Third Stage: Delivery of the placenta. Fourth Stage: Recovery and monitoring postpartum.

Signs of Labor

Regular contractions, rupture of membranes (water breaking), and cervical dilation.

Inducing Labor Technique

Administering synthetic oxytocin (Pitocin) to stimulate contractions.

Perinatal Mental Health Disorder Prevalence

Approximately 15-20%.

Perinatal Period

The time from conception through one year postpartum.

Pelvic Floor Disorders

Conditions where the pelvic floor muscles weaken, leading to issues like incontinence or prolapse.

Common Changes in Postpartum Body

Hormonal shifts, uterine shrinkage, and changes in breast tissue.