Review Unit 1: Biological Bases for Behavior

day 2

what is the blue on the man and what does it do

peripheral nervous system

• sends info to the central nervous system and then to muscles and organs

• controls voluntary and involuntary motives like breathing, digestion and heart rate

what is the pink on the man and what does it do

central nervous system

• take info from senses and figures out what to do and sends orders to your body

what is the blue on the axon and what does it do

nodes of ranvier

• allow action potentials to travel much faster by going from one node to another

what is the pink on the picture and what does it do

myelin sheath

• protective sheet that forms around nerves

whats is the orange on the photo and what is it

the soma

• houses nucleus of the cell

• gets incoming signals from dendrites

what is the red sperm looking things and what does it do

axon terminal

• transmits signals to other cells

what is the green and what does it do

dendrite

• catches neurotransmitters

what phase is this

polarization/resting period

what phase is this

depolarization/ action potential

• rapid positive shift in neurons electrical charge

agonists

excite dendrite receptor

• fires but it shouldn’t

antagonisits

inhibits/blocks the dendrite receptor

reuptake inhibitor

prevents reuptake from occurring in the axon terminal

what is the red and what does it do

the medulla

• controls involuntary functions

  • breathing, heart rate

what is the green what what does it do

the cerebellum

• controls balance, posture, and timing

what section is the pink and blue and what does it do

frontal lobe

• manages personality, movement, decision making,

what section is the red and what does it do

parietal lobe

• touch

• taste

what section is the green and what does it do

occipital lobe

• vision/sight

what section is the yellow and what does it do

temporal lobe

• hearing

• smell

what is mc

middle cerebral artery

• major artery supplying blood to large part of brain surfaces

what is sc

Superior Colliculus

• crucial for head eye movement

what is the pink and what does it do

pre-frontal

• problem solving

what is the blue and what does it do

brocas area

• talking

what is in the yellow section and what does it do

wernickies area

• language comprehension

what is the brown and what does it do

visual cortex

• handling sight (releasing “seeing fluid”)

sensory neurons

feels touch, pain, light, sound

inner neurons

transmits impulse between other neurons

motor neurons

transmits signals from brain/spinal cord to muscles and glands

autonomic N.S

• sympathetic (fight/flight)

• parasympathetic (calm down)

hyper polarization/ refectory period(recovery)

becomes more negative then the resting due to extra positives exiting

Acetylcholine (Ach)

memory

• alzheimer’s (too little)

• paralyzed (too much)

Dopamine

pleasure

• schizophrenia (too much)

• parkinson’s (too little)

serotonin

regulates hormones

• depression (too little)

endorphins

pain killers

GABA

calm

• insomnia (to much)

Glutamate

learning

Norepinephrine

adrenaline

• mania/bipolar (to much)

outer brain

talking brain

CT or Cat scan (structural)

uses x-ray to show 2 dimensional slice of the brain

MRI (structural)

magnetic field and radio waves

PET (functional)

blood flow changes

FMRI (functional)

changes in oxygen

Taste

tastebuds

1. sweet

2. sour

3. salty

4. bitter

touch

• pressure

• temp

• pain

smell

offaction

vestibular

balance

kinesthesis

receptors on joint, tendons, muscles to know where everything is

what is the blue and what does it do

auditory canal

• the tube connecting to the outer ear to ear drum

• pathway for sounds

what is the purple and what does it do

pinna

• outer ear

• funnels sound waves into your ear

what is the orange and what does it do

malleus

• hammer bone

• captures sound vibrations and gives thme to incus

what is the teal and what does it do

incus

• get sound vibrations and gives them to stapes

what is the green and what does it do

stapes

• gives sound to cochlea

what is the circle thing and what does it do

cochlea

• converts sound vibrations into electrical nerve signals that the brain interprets as sound

what is the pink and what does it do

semicircular cords

• fluid filled loops that sense head movement and sends signals to your brain telling how to stay balanced

what is the red and what does it do

hair cell

• convert sound vibrations into signals

what is the brown and what does it do

eustachian tube

• that equalizes air pressure, drains fluid, and protects the ear, usually opening with swallowing or yawning

beta waves

• conscious

• wide awake

alpha waves

• subconscious

• relaxed

• day dreaming

theta wave (NREM)

light sleep

delta wave

deepest sleep

• nightmares happen here

  • when rem happens when no supposed too

rem

• dream state

• recovery period

• gets longer each time

right eye

• goes to left side of brain and right arm

• logical

• language

• verbal

left eye

• goes to right side of brain and left arm

• creative

• non-verbal