Aboriginal Studies

Contemporary

Within the timeframe from the 1960s to the present.

Resistance

One of the responses of the Aboriginal people to invasion, including physical and/or political resistance.

Mob

A term that some Aboriginal people use to identify their people or communities. It is not generally acceptable for non- Aboriginal people to automatically use this term.

Reserves

Living areas established by the Aboriginal Welfare Board and ruled under the provisions of the Aboriginal Protection Act.

Criminal Justice System

The people, processes, institutions and laws associated with the defining, monitoring and enforcement of rules.

Discrimination

Unfair treatment on the basis of perceived differences between people

Cultural Heritage

The continuity, from one generation to another, of a group's culture, values and attitudes, including knowledge, language, arts, rituals, performances, sites and objects.

Self- determination

Self- determination involves the effective participation of Aboriginal peoples in all decision- making that affects them.

Global Perspective

A national and international perspective on issues concerning human rights and social justice for all Indigenous peoples. This perspective will include responses and initiatives of international human rights organisations as well as national Indigenous Australian communities and international Indigenous communities.

Indigenous Peoples

This term is used when referring collectively to the first peoples of the land in international communities. The term Indigenous Australian is used by the commonwealth when referring to both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples within Australia. The Term Aboriginal is preferred by the NSW AECG Inc. When referring to Aboriginal people within NSW. In the context of this course, Aboriginal is the term used.

Community- Based Fieldwork

Field visits to Aboriginal communities or organisations to further develop understanding and knowledge of culture and history of Aboriginal peoples.

Kinship

A key aspect of Aboriginal cultures and values. It includes the importance of all relationships, and of being related to and belonging to the land.

Stations

Living areas established by governments for Aboriginal people on which managers and matrons controlled (and 'cared for') those Aboriginal people.

Sovereignty

The legal recognition of ownership of land and territory. Implicit in the concept is the right of self- government. Indigenous peoples have never ceded their sovereignty over Australia.

Technology

That part of culture which assists people to interact with their environment. It includes knowledge, social organisation, systems, techniques, processes and products.

Social Justice

A principle that favours measures aimed at addressing inequities. It includes the rights of people to economic and social independence, and empowerment to determine the directions of their own lives' futures. The processes and systems which shape the interaction between people, communities and governments determine the degree of social justice achieved.

What year was Invasion?

1788

What year was the Appin Massacre?

1816

Between what years were the Protection Act?

1880 - 1930s

Between what years were the Land Acts?

1860s- 1880s

what are Reserves?

Aboriginal reserves were parts of land set aside for Aboriginal people to live on; these were not managed by the government or its officials.

When was the White Australian Policy introduced?

1909

When was Assimilation?

1930s - 1960s

When was the Freedom Rides?

1965

When was the Wave hill Walk Off?

1966

What year was the Referendum?

1967

Land Management Practices

Is all of the skills, technologies, techniques, knowledges and actions used by people to look after an area of the environment. Aboriginal Land Management techniques are built upon a strong cultural connection to Country, which relates to the Dreaming, Songlines, Ancestors and Law.

Native Title Act

Recognises the traditional rights and interests to land and waters of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

What were Canada's - First Nations Massacres?

Bloody Falls and Cypress Hill

What were Canada's - First Nations Protectionism/Segregation?

Reservations - permission to leave but run by people or community

What were Canada's - First Nations Assimilation?

Denial of culture when entering university, military, employment etc. If they leave reserve they are 'off reserve' and are expected to assimilate

What were Canada's - First Nations Legislation?

Aborigines Act

What were Canada's - First Nations Stolen Generation?

Residential Schools

What were Canada's - First Nations Loss of Heritage and Identity?

Denial again of culture and forbidden to practice traditions such as the Potlatch ceremony

What were Canada's - First Nations Government classified?

Government controls identity

What were Canada's - First Nations Ongoing social justice and human rights issues?

Health, economic, education, criminal justice and employment - social disadvantage - reserves especially so

What were Australia's - First Nations Massacres?

Appin, Myall Creek, Coinston (to name a few)

What were Australia's - First Nations Protectionism/Segregation?

Reserves and missions - permission needed to leave run by government or church

What were Australia's - First Nations Assimilation?

Denial of culture conform to non-Aboriginal society.

What were Australia's - First Nations Legislation?

Aboriginal Protection Act, White Australia Policy etc.

What were Australia's - First Nations Stolen Generation?

Removed because they are 'whiter' never allowed back 'breed out' Aboriginal people.

What were Australia's - First Nations Loss of Heritage and Identity?

Denial again of culture and forbidden to practice traditions such as language, ceremony, Dreaming, connection to Country - Dispossession

What were Australia's - First Nations Government classified?

3 tiered classification (self identity, descendant, community acceptance)

What were Australia's - First Nations Ongoing social justice and human rights violations?

Health, economic, education, criminal justice and employment - social disadvantage