CHEM END OF YEAR 🚨

Simple distillation

Obtains water by evaporating and condensing vapours

Separates a solvent from solution or mixture of two liquids

Fractional distillation

Separate two or more liquids with different boiling points

Filtration

Separated an insoluble solid from liquid

Solvent

A substance that dissolves in another substance

Solute

A substance that dissolves in a solvent

Solution

Solute dissolved in solvent

Saturated solution

A solution that can take no more solute at a given temperature

Crystallisation

Producing crystals by evaporating solvent

Chromatography

Separated different colour soluble substances

Can be used to distinguish impure substances

Rf value

(Distance traveled by substance) / (Distance traveled by solvent) 

Atom

A particle with a nucleus ans no overall charge

Molecule

A particle made up of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds, no overall charge

Sacrificial metals

When a more reactive metal is attched to a less reactive metal the more reactive metal will oxidise and corrode first, protecting iron underneath