OSU Anatomy - Unit 5
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635 Terms
the thoracic cavity is made up of….
pleural cavities (2), mediastinum, and pericardial cavity
fill in the box:
thoracic cavity
fill in the box:
plueral cavities
fill in the box:
mediastinum
fill in the box:
pericardial cavity
the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities split at the ________
diaphragm
the abdominopelvic cavity is made up of…..
abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
fill in the box:
diaphragm
fill in the box:
abdominopelvic cavity
fill in the box:
abdominal cavity
fill in the box:
pelvic cavity
the right pleural cavity surrounds the ______ ______
right lung
the mediastinum contains the ________, ________, and _________ _______
trachea; esophagus; major vessels
the left pleural cavity surrounds the _____ _____
left lung
the mediastinum also contains the _______ _______
pericardial cavity
the pericardial cavity surrounds the _______
heart
the abdominal cavity contains the ______ ________ and _______
digestive glands; organs
the pelvic cavity contains the ______ ______, ______ _____, and last portion of the ______ ______
urinary bladder; reproductive organs; digestive track
the organs and the walls of the ventral body cavity are lined in a __________ _______
serous membrane
the serous membrane is made up of the ______ and ______ layers
parietal; visceral
the parietal layer of the membrane lines ______ _____
cavity walls
the visceral layer adheres to surface of ________
organs
_________ __________ lies between layers of the serous membrane to reduce friction
serous fluid
Pleura serous membrane surrounds the _______ cavity and _______ surface
pleural; lung
the pericardium serous membrane surrounds the __________ cavity and ________ surface
pericardial; heart
the peritoneum serous membrane surrounds the ___________ cavity and _______ within it
abdominopelvic; viscera
fill in the box:
organ
fill in the box:
serous fluid
fill in the box:
visceral membrane
fill in the box:
parietal membrane
Sensory information moves _________ to _______ nervous system
peripheral; central
motor information moves _______ to _______ nervous system
central; peripheral
The somatic system is _______ control
conscious
the autonomic system is _________ control
automatic
somatic motor nerves innervate __________ muscle
skeletal
autonomic nerves innervate __________ and _________ muscle as well as ________
smooth; cardiac; glands
touch, temperature, and pain are all sensory from the __________ system
somatic
sensory input from organs (bp, blood oxygen, etc.) are senses from the ____________ system
autonomic
the autonomic system divides into the __________ and ________ system
parasympathetic; sympathetic
the parasympathetic system _______ regulates
down
the sympathetic system _______ regulates
up
the parasympathetic system is used to ______ and ______
rest; digest
the sympathetic system is used for __________ and ______
fight; flight
the somatic efferent pathway consists of _________ neuron system
one
the one neuron system of the somatic system does what….
sends out a signal to move
the autonomic efferent pathway consists of _______ neuron system
two
the presynaptic neuron sends its signal where?
postsynaptic neuron; to neuron ganglion outside of the central nervous system
the postsynaptic neuron sends its message where?
amplification of message to organ
the neurotransmitter acetylcholine is….
excitatory
the neurotransmitter of the somatic nervous system is _________
acetylcholine (excitatory)
the neurotransmitter of the presynaptic system of the autonomic pathway is __________
acetylcholine (excitatory)
the neurotransmitter of the postsynaptic system of the autonomic pathway are….
norepinephrine (excitatory) and epinephrine (inhibitory)
the sympathetic nerves are located where?
thoracolumbar
the parasympathetic nerves are located where?
craniosacral; brainstem (CNIII, VII, IX, X) and sacral
in the sympathetic division the presynaptic fibers are ______ and the postsynaptic fibers are ______
short; long
the sympathetic ganglion are close to what?
the spinal cord
in the parasympathetic nervous system the presynaptic fibers are _______ and the postsynaptic fibers are _______
long; short
in the parasympathetic division the nerve ganglia are close to what?
near visceral effector organs
the only function not inhibited/ slowed by the parasympathetic system is….
digestion
the oculomotor nerve causes what parasympathetic effect?
smooth muscle movement of the eye
the facial nerve causes what parasympathetic effect?
salivary gland
the glossopharyngeal gland causes what parasympathetic effect?
controls our largest salivary gland (parotid gland)
the vagus nerve controls what in the parasympathetic system
organs from thorax and GI tract through 2/3 of the transverse colon
the pelvic splanchnic nerves control what in the parasympathetic system?
the remainder of the GI tract, the distal 1/3 of the colon, and pelvic viscera
the only major function not activated/ sped up by the sympathetic nervous system is?
digestion
the presynaptic neuron cell bodies of the sympathetic nervous system are located where?
the lateral horn
The pre and post synaptic ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system are located where?
paravertebral ganglia and prevertebral ganglia
explain the three ways nerve signals can exit the sympathetic nervous system
para; signal leaves and synapses as the same level it exited
para; the signal can leave and synapse at a different level than it exited
pre; the signal does not synapse on the chain but rather a splanchnic nerve
What is a splanchnic nerve?
a collection of axons that leave paravertebral ganglia without synapsing
the adrenal medulla acta similar to __________ _______
postsynaptic ganglion
postsynaptic _________ neurons can be located in the medulla of the adrenal gland
sympathetic
the sympathetic effect on the pupil is?
dilate
the parasympathetic effect on the pupil is?
constrict
the sympathetic effect on heart rate is?
increase
the parasympathetic effect on heart rate is?
decrease
the sympathetic effect on the lungs-bronchiole diameter is?
dilate
the parasympathetic effect on the lungs-bronchiole diameter is?
constrict
the sympathetic effect on the digestive-salivary glands is?
reduce saliva production
the parasympathetic effect on the digestive-salivary glands is?
increase saliva production
the sympathetic effect of digestive-peristalsis is?
inhibit peristalsis
the parasympathetic effect of digestive-peristalsis is?
stimulate peristalsis
the sympathetic effect of the adrenal medulla is?
release neurohormone
the cardiovascular system consists of?
heart, blood vessels, and blood
The major function of the cardiovascular system is?
transportation of nutrients and oxygen, waste products, and hormones
the heart is located in the _________ mediastinum
middle
fill in the box:
middle mediastinum
fill in the box:
base
fill in the box:
second rib
fill in the box:
fifth intercostal space
fill in the box:
apex
the pulmonary circuit services what?
the lungs
the _______ side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs then returns to the heart through the _____ side of the heart
right; left
the systemic circuit services what?
the body
the _____ side of the heart pumps blood to the body and returns to the heart via the ________ side
left; right
_________ take blood towards the heart
veins
_________ take blood away from the heart
arteries
fill in the box:
right auricle
fill in the box:
left auricle
fill in the box:
left auricle
fill in the box:
right auricle