Chapter 7 - Memory

Memory

"the persistence of learning over time through the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information" (pg

Recall

"memory demonstrated by retrieving information learned earlier" (pg

Recognition

"memory demonstrated by identifying items previously learned" (pg

Sensory

"immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system" (pg

Iconic

visual sensory memory

Auditory

auditory sensory memory

Short-term (working)

"activated memory that holds a few items briefly" (pg

Long-term

"relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system" (pg

Encoding

"the processing of information into the memory system" (pg

Automatic Processing

"unconscious encoding of everyday information… and of well-learned information" (pg

Effortful Processing

"encoding that requires attention and conscious effort" (pg

Chunking

"organizing items into familiar, manageable units" (pg

Storage

"the process of retaining encoded information over time" (pg

Retrieval

"the process of getting information out of memory storage" (pg

Serial Position Effect

Tendency to remember last and first items in a long list better than the middle items

Von Restorff Effect

unique item embedded in otherwise homogeneous list recalled better than average items and items immediately around those items are easier to remember

Recency Effect

Immediately after learning, we remember the last items best

Primacy Effect

After a delay, we remember the first items best

iconic memory

You are outside on a dark and rainy night. Suddenly, your surroundings are lit up by a flash of lightning. The fleeting image you saw under the brief glow, which you could subsequently recall, is an example of ________.

auditory memory

Remembering what your teachers said in your last class is an example of ________.