Toronto-Then & Now: Immigration and Urban Geography

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to immigration and urban geography in the context of Canada, as discussed in the lecture.

Immigrant

Someone who moves from one country to another for reasons such as work, study, or to escape conflict.

Racist Policies

Historical legislative measures in Canada that discriminated against certain immigrant groups based on ethnicity or socio-economic status.

Head Tax

A fee imposed on Chinese immigrants entering Canada in the late 1800s and early 1900s, meant to limit family reunification.

Points System

A system established in 1967 to remove racism in immigrant selection and prioritize skilled immigrants.

Urban Polarization

The growing economic and social disparity in urban areas where wealth and poverty coexist, often as a result of immigration.

Settlement Enclaves

Areas where immigrants tend to settle, often leading to cultural and ethnic concentrations within urban settings.

Precarious Status

The vulnerable immigration status that some individuals may hold, limiting their access to resources and services.

Socio-economic Spectrum

The range of economic and social positions within a population, reflecting varying levels of wealth and opportunity among immigrants.

Discriminatory Practices

Behaviors or policies that lead to unequal treatment of individuals based on race, ethnicity, or immigration status.

Housing Crisis

A situation characterized by a lack of affordable housing options, exacerbated by increasing immigration rates.