Networking Concepts and Internet Protocols

These flashcards cover key concepts related to networking, internet protocols, and the implications of connectivity.

Network

A physical system of wires, cables, servers, routers, and connected devices.

World Wide Web

Not a network, but the content on the network, including files, web pages, and media.

Fault-Tolerant

The design characteristic that allows a system to continue functioning even when individual components fail.

Redundancy

Inclusion of extra components in a system to maintain operation despite individual component failures.

Bandwidth

The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.

IP Protocol

A set of rules and standards for sending data across the Internet.

IPv4

An IP address format that is 32 bits long, allowing for approximately 4 billion unique addresses.

IPv6

An IP address format that is 128 bits long, allowing for an extremely large number of unique addresses.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

A protocol for sending packets that performs error-checking to ensure all packets are received and properly ordered.

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

A protocol for sending packets quickly with minimal error-checking and no resending of dropped packets.

Domain Name System (DNS)

A system that associates a website name with its corresponding IP address.

Data Stream

Information passed through the internet in packets.

Packet

A chunk of data sent over a network, which may arrive in order, out of order, or not at all.

Packet Metadata

Data added to packets that assists in routing them through the network and in reassembling the original message.

Digital Divide

Disparities in access to computing devices and the Internet, influenced by socioeconomic, geographic, or demographic factors.