Anatomy Lab

anatomical position

A standard posture used in anatomy where the body is standing upright, facing forward with arms at the sides and palms facing forward, providing a clear reference for directional terms.

thoracic region

The part of the body located between the neck and abdomen, often referred to as the chest area. It contains the ribs, sternum, and organs such as the heart and lungs.

Abdominal region

The part of the body located between the thoracic region and the pelvis, containing organs such as the stomach, intestines, liver, and kidneys.

Pelvic region

The part of the body located below the abdominal region and above the legs, containing structures such as the bladder, reproductive organs, and parts of the large intestine.

Which pair of regional terms describes structures found on opposite sides of the same body part?

Patellar and Popliteal

A physician notes tenderness in the sural region. The pain is located in the:

calf (back of the leg)

A patient notices a wart growing on his left plantar surface. The wart is located on the:

Sole of the foot

The ______ region is the upper arm, and the ______ region describes the forearm.

brachial; antebrachial

Which pair of regional terms refers to structures located on opposite sides of the same joint?

Antecubital and olecranal

During a physical examination, a physician notes tenderness in the left scapular region. This area is located:

On the posterior side in the shoulder blade region

Ventral

toward the front or belly

Anterior

toward the ventral side

Dorsal

toward the back or spine

posterior

toward the dorsal side

inferior

below, toward the feet

medial

nearer ti the midline of the body

lateral

farther away from the midline

proximal

closer to the point of attachment

distal

farther from the point of attachment

superficial

closer to the surface of the body

deep

farther from the surface of the body

Ipsilateral

on the same side of the body

contralateral

on the opposite side of the body

supine

lying face up

prone

lying face down

The wrist is _____ to the elbow

distal

The knee is _____ to the ankle

Proximal

The eyes are _____ to the mouth

superior

The belly button is ____ to the sternum

inferior

The ears are ______ to the nose

lateral

The sternum is ______ to the ribs

midial

The skin is ________ to the muscles

superficial

The chest is ______ to the spine

anterior

The right arm is _________ to the left arm

contralateral

Frontal (coronal) plane

seperate front and back

Oblique Plane

separate by a angle

Sagittal plane

seperate from left to right

Transverse Plane

seperated from top to bottom

Dorsal body cavity

contains the cranial and vertebral cavities

Cranial cavity

enclosed by the skull, and contains the brain

Vertebral cavity

enclosed by the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord

Ventral body cavity

on the ventral side of the body, and contains the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Thoracic cavity

contains the pericardial and pleural cavities, and the mediastinum

Pericardial cavity

contains the heart

Pleural cavities

each pleural cavity surrounds one lung

Mediastinum

A space between the lungs, vertebral column, and sternum, which contains the heart, great vessels, the esophagus, the trachea and bronchi of the lungs, the thymus gland, and other structures (Midline area of thoracic cavity)

Abdominopelvic cavity

contains the abdominal cavity superiorly and the pelvic cavity inferiorly

Abdominal cavity

contains many of the organs of the digestive, lymphatic, and urinary systems

pelvic cavity

contains organs of the reproductive system as well as some organs of the digestive and urinary systems

The diaphragm

serves as the boundary between the thoracic and the abdominal cavities