Anatomy Unit 7 LT 1-2

What type of tissue is blood?

Connective

What is the major function of blood?

Transportation of nutrients and oxygen

What are the four major contents of blood?

Plasma, WBC, Platelets, RBC

What is another name for red blood cells?

Erythrocytes

Describe the anatomy of a red blood cell.

Disc shaped cells with no nuclei

What is the major function of red blood cells?

Carrying oxygen and CO2

What is the name of the iron

rich compound that carries oxygen on red blood cells?

What is another name for white blood cells?

Leukocytes

What is the major function of white blood cells?

Immune function

What is another name for platelets?

Thrombocytes

What is the major function of platelets?

Clotting

Briefly describe what happens during the blood clotting cascade.

Positive feedback. Damaged blood vessels will signal platelets to rush to the area of injury. Platelets aggregare at the site of the injury. Platelets attach to fibrinogen. Fibrinogen attracts clotting factors. Fibrinogen turns into fibrin.

What is the scientific term for blood clotting?

Coagulation

List two functions of plasma.

Maintaining electrolyte balance, pH level

What is plasma mostly made up of?

Water

What are the three major proteins that make up plasma?

Albumin, Globulin, Fibrinogen

What are antigens?

Any molecule that triggers an immune response

What are antibodies?

Protein that cells produce in response to a nonself antigen

Which blood type is considered to be the “universal donor”?

O

Which blood type is considered to be the “universal acceptor”?

AB+

What is the Rh factor?

The Rhesus factor. A type of protein that is found on RBC’s

What Rh blood types must the mother and the fetus have before HDN can occur? Mother must have (

) Rh, and baby must have (+) Rh

Why does HDN (Hemolytic Disease of Newborn) usually not develop in the first pregnancy?

Because that is the first time the mother is exposed to Rh and does not have antibodies yet

What is agglutination and why does it occur?

The clumping of RBC due to the presence of certain antigens.