history 2: early republic

quizlet by kearnm7

Lucius Junius Brutus and Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus

First two consuls

Lucretia

Husband of Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus; raped by Tarquinius Superbus' son and killed herself

Sextus Tarquinius

Raped Lucretia, eventually causing the end of the monarchy

Lars Porsenna

King of Etruscans; brought his army against the Romans to help Tarquinius Superbus

Clusium

Capital city of Lars Porsenna

Horatius Cocles (one-eyed)

fought back the Etruscans by himself at the Sublician bridge

Mucius Scaevola

Tried to kill Porsenna, captured, thrust right arm in fire to prove his bravery, released because of bravery

Cloelia

among Roman girls held by Porsenna, swam the Tiber to get back to Rome and free some girls; then returned to Lars Porsenna

Coriolanus

Defeats the Volscians; exiled from Rome, then attacks Rome,stopped by the pleas of his mother and wife

Cincinnatus

Famously put down his plow to lead the Romans against the Aequi; returned to his plow after 16 days

12 Tables

Codification of Roman law in 449 BC

decemviri

Drafted the 12 Tables

Appius Claudius Crassus

Most famous decemvir

Camillus

Defeated the Veii; exiled, rid Rome of Gauls, proclaimed as hero

Brennus

Chief of the Gauls, defeated Romans at Allia RIver, famously said "Vae Victis"/"Woe to the Conquered"

Allia River

Battle where the Gauls under Brennus defeated the Romans

"Vae Victis"/"Woe to the Conquered"

Famous quote of Brennus

Caudine Forks

Battle of 321 BC; Romans crushed by the Samnites and forced to pass under the yoke (a humiliation)

Appius Claudius Caecus

Censor; built the Appian Way (most famous Roman road) and Aqua Appia (aqueduct)

Decius Mus

Committed "devotio" at the Battle of Sentinum in 295 BC, inspiring his troops to beat the Samnites

Pyrrhus

King of Epirus (Greece); attacked Romans with elephants for the first time

Pyrrhic Victory

A victory, but one so costly that it is impossible to go on

Heraclea and Asculum

Two Pyrrhic Victories

Beneventum

Ended the war with Pyrrhus (not a Pyrrhic victory)

Fabricius

Roman ambassador whom Pyrrhus tried to bribe