Classifying Psychological Disorders

psychological disorder

any condition characterized by cognitive and emotional disturbances, abnormal behavior, impacting functioning, or any combination of these

level of dysfunction

how well or poorly a person can carry out day-to-day activities and complete their daily responsibilities

perception of distress

involves subjective experiences of negative emotions, pain, or stress related to an individual’s behaviors or mental processes

deviation from social norms

behavior is judged against social and cultural standards

self-fulfilling prophecy

some individuals internalizing negative stereotypes about their disorder and then limiting themselves or assuming that they are somehow broken

DSM

provides a comprehensive classification of mental disorders, listing not only the symptoms and criteria for diagnosis but also providing statistical data on them as well. made by APA

ICD

made by WHO. create a global standard for classifying all health conditions, including mental and behaviioral disorders

eclective approach

they combine different techniques, theories, and ideas from different psychological perspectives instead of focusing on one school of thought

maladaptive learned

when a person creates connections between stimuli and responses that are harmful, irrotational, or counterproductive

how behavioral perspective views mental helath disorders

focuses on how mental disorders come from maladaptive learned associations between responses and stimuli

how psychodynamic perspectives view mental health disorders

highlights how psychological disorders can originate from unconscious conflicts that also come from a person’s childhood experiences

how humanistic perspective view mental health disorders

focuses on how psychological disorders develop due t a person lacking social support, failing to achieve their potential, or having an incongruent self-concept

how cognitive perspective view mental health disorders

proposes that mental disorders come from maladaptive thought patterns, including distorted beliefs and attitudes

how evolutionary perspective view mental health disorders

focuses on how mental disorders that cuase abnormal behaviors and tendencies often originate in an individual’s genetics

how sociaocultural perspective view mental health disorders

mental disorders are influenced by social and cultural factors, including group dynamics, cultural norms, and interpersonal relationships

how biological perspective view mental health disorders

states that psychological disorders are primarily driven by psychological and genetic factors

biopsychosocial model

the model that proposes that the development of any psychological issue is influenced by multiple interconnected factors. holistic perspective

diathesis-stress model

the model that focuses on how psychological disorders come from the interaction between genetic or biological vulnerabilities and stressful life events

diathesis

focuses on how genetic predispositions or underlying biological factors impact an individual