Forest Ecosystems Refresher Course Flashcards

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering forest ecosystems, plant anatomy, genetics, pathology, and soil conservation based on refresher mock exam questions.

Casparian strip

A band of cell wall material in roots that is made of suberin.

Smooth bark

A type of bark that primarily functions for photosynthesis in certain tree species.

Pith

The structure located at the centermost portion of a dicot stem.

Root cap

The region of the root tip responsible for protecting the tip and aiding in pushing the roots downward.

Primary growth

The type of plant development that involves an increase in height.

Pneumatophores

Specialized root modifications in mangrove species that serve as breathing organs during high tides.

Stamen

The male reproductive organ of a flower.

Aggregate Fruit

A type of fruit that develops from many separate carpels of a single flower which fuse together.

Epigeal germination

A germination type where the cotyledon is carried to a certain height above the ground enclosed inside the testa.

Mesophyll

The photosynthetic layer found within the leaf.

Magnesium ($Mg$)

The element found at the center of a chlorophyll molecule that enhances the green color of the organelle.

Blue light

The color of visible light that possesses the highest energy among blue, yellow, and red light.

Plasmolysis

The shrinking of the cytoplasm away from the wall of a living cell due to the outward osmotic flow of water.

Pheromone

A behavior-altering agent commonly produced by insects.

Synecology

An approach to studying forest ecology that focuses on the whole community, such as water relations, energetics, and microclimates.

Autecology

An approach to ecology focusing on individual taxa, including their breeding systems, seed biology, and phenology.

Homeostasis

The tendency of an ecosystem to return to a normal stable set-point after a stress is withdrawn.

Protocooperation

An ecological relationship where both populations benefit but the interaction is not obligatory for survival.

Horse latitude

A term for desert biomes located at 30 degrees latitude, such as the Sahara.

Forest Genetics

The study of variation and inheritance specifically in forest trees.

Clones

A group of genetically identical plants derived asexually from a single individual.

Additive genes

Genes that convey their effects in an additive manner.

Alleles

One of an array of genes possible at a specific position or locus on a given chromosome.

Dioecious

A species or taxon where individuals are unisexual.

Epistasis

The types of interallelic interactions, specifically the dominance of one gene over a non-allelic gene.

Ortet

The original plant from which a clone has been derived.

Pedigree

The recorded ancestry of an individual or line.

Endemic

Species whose natural distribution is limited to a specific country or island.

IUCN

The world's largest global environmental network, responsible for determining the conservation status of biodiversity.

Ultramafic forest

A forest formation in the Philippines where extremely hard woods like Xanthosthemon spp. are generally located.

BMB

The DENR bureau tasked with managing protected areas and biodiversity conservation.

DAO 2017-11

The DENR administrative order that updated the national list of threatened Philippine plants.

RA 9147

The 2001 act providing for the conservation and protection of wildlife resources and their habitats in the Philippines.

Drupe

The type of fruit exhibited by the species Dracontomelon dao.

Gall rust

A disease in Falcataria moluccana caused by Uromycladium tepperianum, characterized by irregular enlargements on stems and branches.

Forest Pathology

The field that integrates various sciences to understand the causes, mechanisms, and control of tree diseases.

Phellinus noxius

An invasive fungal pathogen that causes root rot in tree plantation species.

CITES

An international agreement that oversees and regulates the trade of wildlife.

Quarantine

A pest management strategy aimed at preventing the entry or movement of pests from infested areas.

Calcium ($Ca$)

A plant nutrient that is characterized as being immobile among the essential elements.

Volatilization

The loss of nutrients into the atmosphere in gaseous form, often occurring during forest fires.

Fertilizer grade

The percentage of total $N$, current $P_2O_5$, and soluble $K_2O$ in a fertilizer material.

Arbuscular mycorrhiza

The specific type of mycorrhiza found in Mycova fertilizer.

Creep

The slow and normally unnoticeable movement of a large mass of soil or rock material.

Wattling

A soil conservation method using flexible brushwood materials interwoven into pegs to form a fence across a slope.

Gabions

Large rectangular wire cages filled with rocks used for slope stabilization.

USLE

The acronym for the Universal Soil Loss Equation, a mathematical model for soil erosion.

Soil loss tolerance

The maximum average annual soil loss that allows for continuous cropping and maintenance of soil productivity.

Soil texture

A physical soil property that is relatively unaffected by forest cover.