Hematology Lecture: Blood Cells and Clotting

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering blood cell classifications, hematopoietic tissue, the clotting cascade, and blood types based on the lecture transcript.

Reticulocyte

An immature form of the blood cell.

Basal erythrocyte

A cell charged with delivering oxygen and removing carbon dioxide.

Neutrophil

The most abundant of the white blood cells.

Eosinophil

A white blood cell involved in allergic reactions; levels are often high when allergies are present.

Megalcalocyte

Fragments that form platelets.

Lymphocyte

A white blood cell responsible for long-term immunity.

Agranulocyte

A classification of white blood cells that includes the lymphocyte and monocyte.

Basophile

A cell that secretes heparin which prevents flooding.

Monocyte

A phagocytic cell that migrates into tissue.

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The component of blood plasma that plays a role in blood clotting and the regulation of fluid volume.

Hematopoietic tissue

The two types found in the body are located in red bone marrow and lymphatic tissue.

Red bone marrow (Adult locations)

In adults, this is found at the ends of long bones and flat bones.

Iron

A mineral crucial for hemoglobin synthesis.

Stimulus for new red blood cell production

Declining oxygen levels.

EPO (Erythropoietin)

A substance secreted by the kidney in response to low oxygen levels.

Increased reticulocyte count

A finding that may occur if a patient moves to a higher altitude.

Red blood cell lifespan

$120$ days.

Hemoglobin recycling (Heme breakdown)

The phase where heme is initially broken down into iron and bilirubin.

Hemoglobin recycling (Iron transport)

The portion of hemoglobin transported to bone marrow and used to create new hemoglobin.

Hemostasis (First stage)

The formation of sticky platelets.

Platelet stickiness

Caused by the exposure of collagen fibers.

Extrinsic clotting pathway

Triggered when the damaged blood vessel and surrounding tissue release clotting factor.

Prothrobium activator

Converts prothrobium into protobene during the clotting process.

Final step of blood clot formation

Protobene transforms fibrinogen into fibrin.

Vitamin K

A vitamin necessary for the synthesis of clotting factors.

ABO blood type identification

Identified by the type of antigen on the red blood cell.

Whole blood type (Type O)

A person with this blood has neither the A or B antigen and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies.

Rh negative blood

Characterized by the lack of the Rh antigen.

Plasma

The clear extracellular matrix of blood.

Hematocrit

The percentage of red cells in a sample of blood.

Viscosity

A term used to describe the thickness or stickiness of blood.

Hemopoiesis

The production of blood.

Stem cells

Specific type of bone marrow cells from which blood cells trace their beginnings.

Hemoglobin

The red pigment filling the interior of red blood cells.

Hemoglobin oxygen capacity

One hemoglobin molecule can bind with $4$ oxygen molecules.

Erythroposses

The process of production of red blood cells.

Fibrinolysis

The process of clot dissolution.

Antigen/Agglutinogen

The protein carried by each red blood cell.