Animal Sciences - non infectious diseases

Disease

Any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any body part, organ, or system

(Companion animals are more like humans standard wise, like not breeding is normal b/c we normally sterilize them)

Causes of Disease

DAMN IT - V

D - developmental, degenerative

A - Anomaly, allergic autoimmune

M - metabolic ⭐️

N - nutritional, neoplastic, neurologic

I - inflammatory, immune, iatrogenic(the doctor did it), idopathic, idiopathic (unsure), Infectious

T - trauma, toxicity

V - Vascular

Toxins

Are natural products such as the ones found in poisonous mushrooms, or in a snakes venom, or produced by fungi

Toxicants

Are man-made products , artificial products introduced into the environment due to human activity; samples are industrial waste products and pesticides

Can an organ system be affected by diseases of many causes?

YES!

Hardware disease in cattle

• non infectious but involves an infection

• Traumatic injury to the reticulum

• May look like a “outbreak”

• Symptoms

  • digestive upset

  • Reluctance to move

  • Fever

  • Milk production drop

  • Loss of body condition

  • Heart disease symptoms

Prevention of parturient paresis (milk fever)

• dietary calcium restriction.

• Acidification through dietary management

• Vitamin D3 for 5-7 days before parturition

• Prophylactic calcium immediately before and after calving

Prevention of Ketosis

• Maximize energy (feed) intake

• High quality feed after calving

• Balanced ration, constant availability

• Maintain appetite (avoid/treat other disease)

Hip Dysplasia

• flattening of heads and acetabulum (ball and socket)

• Degenerative joint disease

• Signs: pain, lameness, worse after exercise

Most common in:

• large dog breeds

  1. Patients 5-10 months of age

  2. Older patients with chronic degenerative joint disease

• Rapid growth, nutrient excesses and types of exercise can cause this

Treatments of hip dysplasia

Medical:

• rest

• Weight loss

• Anti-infamitories

• Chondroprotectants (supplements )

Surgical

• femoral head ostecotomy ( take ball away to become scare tissue)

• Triple Pelvic Osteotomy (move hip to better position)

• Hip replacement

Prevention of hip dysplasia

Breeders

• screen for the dysplasia and only breed doggos that do not have it

Dog owners

• get dogs without dysplasia

• Keep skeletal system health

• Exercise ( don’t over exercise)

• Avoid obesity

Neoplasia

(Neo=new Plasia=growth) (New growth)

High heritability

Occurs typically in the peak age 7-8 years

High altitudes make cows more likely to get it