Hon Bio Unit 1: Bio Bootcamp

cells (made of)

basic unit of life, living things are made of one or more cells

Grow and develop

Grow means increase in size. Develop means organism changes over the course of its life (cells differentiate)

Obtain and use energy

Organisms can obtain energy by eating or using the sun to make food. Energy is needed to do work.

Reproduce

The process of producing new organisms.

Maintain homeostasis

stable internal environment

Sense and respond to stimuli

the process of reacting to their environment

Semi-permeable

membranes that allow some substances through but not others

Diffusion

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Biomolecules

organic molecules which combine to form living organisms; includes carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids

Carbohydrates

Broken down to glucose to provide energy.

Lipid

Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Protein

An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells

Nucleic Acid

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.

Monomer

building blocks of polymers

Polymer

molecules composed of two or more monomers; makes up macromolecules

Glycerol

A three-carbon alcohol to which fatty acids are covalently bonded to make fats and oils.

fatty acids

chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms making up lipids

amino acids

a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group.

Nucleiotide

Composed of a sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogen base

Monosaccharides

Single sugar molecules