IH Biology 23-24 Spring Semester Exam Review

Genetics

Study of heredity and variation in living organisms.

Punnett’s Square

A diagram used to predict the possible genotypes of offspring in a specific genetic cross.

Dihybrid Crosses

Crosses that examine the inheritance of two different traits.

Natural Selection

Process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Evolution

The process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms.

Speciation

The formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Pedigrees

Charts that show the relationships within a family and can help trace the inheritance of a particular trait.

Allele Frequency

The proportion of a particular allele among all allele copies being considered.

Adaptation

A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.

Taxonomy

The science of classifying living organisms into different categories based on shared characteristics.

Plant Hormones

Chemical substances that control and coordinate growth and development in plants.

Biomes

Large ecological areas characterized by distinct plant and animal communities.

Food Webs

A system of interlocking and interdependent food chains in an ecosystem.

Immune Response

The body's defense mechanism against harmful pathogens and foreign substances.

Pollution

The presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance that has harmful or poisonous effects.