HW - Chapter 23: Bailey

The Gilded Age

The era known for corruption

- "What glitters isn't always gold"

Grand Army of the Republic

The fraternal order of 100,000+ Union vets who bloc voted Rep. in the Gilded Age

James B. Blaine

The leader of the Half-Breeds and Senator from Maine

Rutherford B. Hayes

The Ohio Representative and President from 1876-1880

Ohio

The state known for being a swing state

Samuel J. Tilden

The Boss Tweed buster from New York and Dem. candidtate in Eo1876

Jim Crow Laws

The laws enacted in the 1890s promoting segregation and to disenfranchize blacks

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

The name and year of htis act by Congress to X further Chinese immigration

- Ended in 1943

US v. Wong Kim Ark (1898)

The SC ruling stating that the 14th Amendment granted citizenship to those born on US Soil

Jus Soli

The Latin term for the right of soil, being granted citizenship B/C you were born on a certain land

Jus Sanguinis

The Latin term for right of blood tie, being granted citizenship B/C your parents were citizens of this land

Charles Guiteau

The man who K President Garfield

- Led to spoils system reform

Chester A. Arthur

The VP running mate of Garfield in Eo1880

Benjamin Harrison

The grandson of former President William Henry Harrison who was voted out of his presidential seat

Billion-Dollar Congress

The name for Congress after Republican Speaker of House "Tsar" Reed passed a 1b budget

- Rich B/C high tariff surplusses

McKinley Tariff Act of 1890

The name of this tariff act and year that was passed by the "Billion-Dollar Congress" that raised the average dutiable good tariff to 48.4%

- Highest ever during peacetime

- X farmers B/C had to buy goods from $$ Am. industrialists

General James B. Weaver

The Populists candidate for the Eo1892

- Greenbacker

Greenbackers

The party that supported the circulation of paper money to stimulate the economy and help farmers

Homestead Steel Strike

The steelworkers violent strike/uprising at Andrew Carnegie's Pittsburg steel plant B/C paycuts

- 10 K, 60 I w/ troops summoned

Tom Watson

The Populists leader in Georgia who wanted to get the black vote B/C South adv.

Depression of 1893

The biggest depression of the 1890s B/C:

1. Overbuilding/speculation

2. Labor disorders

3. Ag. depression

4. Free-silver agitation

Overbuilding/Speculation

The first facet of the Depression of 1893 B/C of the "over" of these 2 things

Labor Disorders

The second facet of the Depression of 1893 B/C the disorders of this

Agriculture Depression

The third facet of the Depression of 1893 B/C of the depression of this

Free-Silver Agitation

The fourth facet of the Depression of 1893 B/C of the push to expand the money supply w/ unlimited silver coinage

J.P Morgan

The financial group known as the "Banker's Banker" and head of Wall Street syndicate that agreed to lend the gov. $65m in gold w/ $7m commission during Dep of 1893

Wilson-Gormand Tariff (1894)

The name and year of this tariff that failed to lower the McKinley Tariff and imposed a 2% income tax on $4000+ incomes w/o Cleveland's signature

- Embarassing

Peace

The source of Grant's difficulties as President

- "Let there be peace"

Bloody Shirt

The name for the reviving of gory Civil War memories for the veteran vote

- "Vote for who you shot for"

William Marcy Tweed

The man known as Boss Tweed who headed the Tweed Scandal

Thomas Nast and Samuel Tilden

The two men who helped take down Boss Tweed by drawing humilating cartoons and leading the prosecution

Credit Mobilier (1872)

The name and year of this scandal where Union Pacific Railroad insiders gifted Congress stocks of the Credit Mobilier construction company and facilitated the building of the transcontinental railroad themselves thru. overcharging Congress

Whiskey Ring (1874-1875)

The name and years of this scandal where Congress and treasury members charged large excise tax on whiskey

Visiting Statesmen

The root of the Eo1876's election because of both parties sending these people to LA, SC, and GA to try and get the electoral votes

- 2 returns, 1 dem and 1 rep

- Tilden had 184/185 electoral votes

Compromise of 1877

The compromise settling the Eo1876 w/ Hayes V B/C 8:7 Rep. vote

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

The name and year of this SC ruling that allowed "separate but equal" facilities (segregation) B/C of "equal protection" 14th Amendment clause

Kearneyites

The European labor immigrants who X Chinese and harassed them B/C X cheap labor

X Spoils System

The greatest contribution of Garfield, X this system

Pendleton Act of 1883

The act that made it illegal for federal employees to make compulsory campaign contributions and created a civil service committee to facilitate appointments X spoils system or bias

Illegitimate Son

The first issue B/T Cleveland and Blaine in Eo1884 B/C of Cleveland having this w/ a Buffalo widow

RRR

The second issue B/T Cleveland and Blaine in Eo1884 B/C of Blaine's silence to this cheer

- X Irish immigrants

- "X Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion"

Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion

This is what the acronym RRR stands for

- Harmed Blaine in Eo1884, X Irish vote in NY

Mugwumps

A group of Republicans who supported 1884 Dem. Cleveland and X James G. Blaine

Literacy Requirements

The first method White Democrats used to disenfranchise Black Reps. in South

- Reqs

Voter Registration Laws

The second method White Democrats used to disenfranchise Black Reps. in South

- Laws

Poll Taxes

The third method White Democrats used to disenfranchise Black Reps. in South

- $$ Tax

Populist Party

The party made by small farmers who X big businesses/Wall Street that wanted 8 reforms

Inflation

The first reform wanted by the Populist Party in 1892 B/C wanted free/unlim silver coinage at 16oz silver:1oz gold ratio

Gradual Income Tax

The second reform wanted by the Populist Party in 1892 to have this tax

Government Ownership

The third reform wanted by the Populist Party in 1892 for this body to do this to the railroads/telegraphs/telephones

Senator

The fourth reform wanted by the Populist Party in 1892 B/C wanted to directly elect this person

1-Term

The fifth reform wanted by the Populist Party in 1892 B/C wanted this limit for the Presidency

Legislation

The sixth reform wanted by the Populist Party in 1892 B/C wanted citizens to be more involved in creating this

Workday

The seventh reform wanted by the Populist Party in 1892 B/C wanted to make this shorter

Immigration

The eigth reform wanted by the Populist Party in 1892 B/C wanted to restrict this