Year 9 Electricity Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering current, voltage, resistance, circuits, Ohm's law, and energy concepts from Year 9 Electricity notes.

Electric current

The rate of flow of electric charge through a circuit.

Amperes (A)

The unit of electric current, also referred to as amps.

Voltage (potential difference)

The difference in electric potential between two points in a circuit.

Volts (V)

The unit of voltage.

Resistance

The opposition to the flow of electric current.

Ohms ($\Omega$)

The unit of resistance.

Circuit

A complete pathway through which electric current can flow.

Broken circuit

A circuit state in which current cannot flow through the interrupted part.

Conductor

A material that allows electric charge to flow through it easily, such as copper and aluminium.

Insulator

A material that strongly resists the flow of electric charge, such as rubber and plastic.

Series circuit

A circuit in which components are connected in a single pathway for current, where current is identical at every point.

Parallel circuit

A circuit with two or more separate pathways for current to flow, where potential difference is identical across each branch.

Household circuits

Circuits generally connected in parallel so electrical devices can operate independently and receive full supply voltage.

Ohm's Law

The mathematical relationship between voltage, current, and resistance defined as $V = IR$.

Symbol $V$

Represents voltage, measured in volts (V).

Symbol $I$

Represents current, measured in amperes (A).

Symbol $R$

Represents resistance, measured in ohms ($\Omega$).

Battery depletion

The gradual using up of a battery's chemical reactants, resulting in an inability to maintain potential difference.

Electrical energy

The total amount of energy transferred in an electrical circuit.

Electrical power

The rate at which electrical energy is transferred.