Group IA, Group IIA, Group IIIA, and Group IVA Elements

Flashcards on Group IA, Group IIA, Group IIIA, and Group IVA elements

Group IA: Alkali Metal

Elements are Lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs) and francium (Fr)

Physical properties of Alkali Metals

Soft, low melting temperature, low boiling temperature, low density, high conductivity, ionic radii << atomic radii, body-centered cubic lattice, flame colours

Chemical properties of Alkali Metals

They form cations (M*), they have electronic configuration of ns', they form ionic bonding, have largest atomic radii in their period, they have low electronegativity, low 1st ionization energy

Group IIA: The Alkaline-Earth Metals

Elements are Beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba) and radium (Ra); are all metals, and all but Be and Mg are active metals

Ion Formation in Group IIA

The alkaline-earth metals tend to lose two electrons to form M2+ ions.

Elements in Group IIIA

Boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), and thallium (TI)

Boron's Characteristics

It behaves like a semimetal or even a nonmetal; the only element in Group IIIA that is not a metal

Aluminum's Properties

It is just slightly less reactive than the active metals and is the third most abundant element in the earth's crust

Elements in Group IVA

Carbon, silicon and germanium, tin and lead

Reactivity of Tin and Lead

Tin and lead are much less reactive than any of the groups IA, IIA, or IIIA metals