Intro to Immunology - Innate vs Adaptive Immunity (Video Notes)

Flashcards focusing on key concepts of innate vs adaptive immunity, antigen processing, and vaccine-related memory from the lecture.

An antigen is any substance that induces a __ response.

specific immune response

Innate immunity provides the body's __ first line of defense.

innate immune response

Humoral immunity is mediated by antibodies produced by __.

B lymphocytes

T cells can only see antigens that are to them; they require antigen presentation by specialized cells called .

antigen-presenting cells

CD4 cells are helper T cells and CD8 cells are __ T cells.

cytotoxic

Clonal expansion results in many identical __ of the original lymphocyte.

clones

The primary adaptive immune response to a novel pathogen typically takes __ days to develop.

7 to 14 days

Extracellular pathogens are typically targeted by the __ immune response.

humoral

Memory cells are responsible for the faster, stronger response upon re-exposure; this underlies __ vaccines.

booster

The innate immune response is non __; it does not depend on antigen specificity.

antigen-specific

Antibodies can neutralize pathogens and are central to the __ immune response.

humoral

The process of a lymphocyte encountering its antigen and undergoing rapid proliferation to create many identical cells is called __.

clonal expansion

Self-tolerance mechanisms prevent immune cells from reacting to self antigens; this is called __.

tolerance

Antigen-presenting cells display antigen to __ (T lymphocytes) to activate the adaptive response.

T lymphocytes

The two main branches of adaptive immunity are humoral immunity and __ immunity.

cell-mediated

Vaccine-induced immunity leads to formation of __ cells that persist and respond upon re-exposure.

memory