Alexander the Great - Important Dates

End of the Peloponnesian War

404

The Peloponnesian War was caused by

the formation of the Delian/Athenian League in 478. The Spartans were part of the Peloponnesian League and their stated aim was to free the city states from Athenian rule. Lysander, a Spartan general, forces the Athenians to surrender to Sparta in 404, and Sparta creates the Thirty

The King’s Peace/The Peace of Antalcidas

387

The Peace of Antalcidas ends

the Corinthian War, because the Spartans are struggling to fight wars with both the Greeks and Persia. Antalcidas is the Lakedaimonian navarch sent to negotiate a peace with Artaxerxes, leaving the Greek cities in Asia subject to the King of Persia

Battle of Leuctra

371

Important notes for the Battle of Leuctra

King Cleombrotos falls. Epaminondas wins by stacking his phalanx and curving around. End of Spartan hegemony, Epaminondas’s false omens. The Thebans bring a suit against Sparta for seizing the Cadmea

Battle of Mantinea

362

Battle of Mantinea notes

Epaminondas learns that the Mantineans have arrived with their citizen army to help Sparta, so he intends to make a surprise attack on the men left behind. Athens sends a relief force 6000 strong, and the Spartans and Mantineians appear.

Epaminondas realizes the battle is hanging in the balance, so he gathers his bravest troops and attacks the commander of the Spartans. The Spartans begin to retire, but realize he’s attacking too rashly, and he is wounded fatally. Both sides claim victory until eventually Sparta has to ask for their bodies back, and only then does Epaminondas die.

Battle of Chaeronea

338