Dermatology Lecture 4 - Last half

What is another term for herpes zoster?

Shingles

What viral infection is caused by the decline of T cell mediated immunity to VSV (probably VZV, varicella-zoster virus, basically meaning what disease is causes by the weaking of immunity against it)?

Herpes Zoster

What is the more common name for the varicella virus?

Chicken pox

The varicella virus (chicken pox) reactivates due to cold, stress, age, and medical conditions, leading to herpes zoster

True or False

True

Symptoms of herpes zoster include unilateral (one-sided) pain and vesicular lesions limited to a dermatome

True or False?

True

Pain, burning, and/or itching often precedes what in herpes zoster 1-5 days later

Rash

Herpes Zoster is presented as a cluster of vesicles of varying sizes

True or False?

True

What do lesions not cross on the body when involving herpes zoster?

Midline

Lesions continue to develop for how many days and then scab over in approximately how many days in herpes zoster

True or False?

3-5 and 10

What is this a map of (This is also the lines that herpes zoster are limited to)

Dermatome

What is the infection?

Herpes zoster

What mediations are used to treat herpes zoster (the slides are wrong with spelling and I have the correct spelling, but the first one is correctly spelled by me and slides)?

Acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir

What is the strength, frequency, and for how long are medication used for herpes zoster?

800 mg 5 times a day x 7 days

What is herpetic neuralgia?

Pain along the nerve

Medications should be given for herpes zoster within 72 hours to prevent post-herpetic neuralgia and shorten the course

Ture or False?

True

Topical cream, Tylenol, Advil, and narcotics are used for pain management for herpes zoster

True or False?

True

When herpes zoster effects the nerves leading to the eye what is it called?

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus

What specific kind of herpes zoster is this?

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus

What does Ramsay-hunt syndrome mean the herpes zoster virus affected?

Facial nerve

How long can post herpetic neuralgia pain (the most common complication of herpes zoster) last after lesions resolve?

Over 3 months

What increases the risks of herpes zoster?

Age

When herpes zoster effects the brain and spinal cord what is the term?

Encephalitis

What is another name for Ramsay-Hunt syndrome?

Herpes Zoster Oticus

Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (Herpes zoster oticus) can cause paralysis and hearing loss in the affected ear

True or False?

True

What shows a 91% prevention rate against herpes zoster (the slides say strigntax, which is the old )?

Shingrix

What is recommended by CDC for patients over 60 for routine immunization (what shingrix is)?

Shingles vaccine

The shingles vaccine (shingrix) helps reduce the risk of developing shingles and post-herpetic neuralgia

True or False

True

Vaccination against what other disease helps prevent herpes zoter?

Varicella

What is the name of the superficial fungal infection?

Fungal skin disease

Superficial fungal infections (Fungal skin disease) are the most common of mucocutaneous infections

True or False?

True

What are the 2 common groups of fungal skin disease?

Dermatophytes and Candida

What type of fungal skin disease is characterized by a unique fungi that infects nonviable keratinized cutaneous structures?

Dermatophytes

What is another name for dermatophytes?

Tinea

Dermatophytes (Tinea) are classified by their site of infection

True or False?

True

What type of dermatophytes (tinea) presents as irregular shaped scaly patches and plaques, often with a raised erythematous border and central clearing?

tinea corporis

Tinea corporis occurs on the trunk, arms, and legs

True or False?

True

Tinea corporis may be a single lesion or multiple lesions

True or False?

True

Tinea corporis and tinea capitis is more commonly referred to as what?

Ringworm

How do you treat tinea corporis?

Topical antifungals

What is this a picture of?

Tinea corporis

Tinea capitis impacts what part of the body?

Scalp

Tinea corporis impacts what part of the body?

Trunk, arms, and legs

Tinea capitis usually effects children from what years?

2-10

Tinea capitis has a wide range of presentation including scaling, broken hair, painful inflammation, and possible scarring alopecia

Ture or False?

True

Alopecia is what?

Hair loss

What is the major treatment for tinea capitis?

Oral antifungals

Topical antifungals are only given if hair is short with small areas affected in tinea capitis

True or False?

True

What is this?

Tinea capitis

Tinea pedis effects what?

Feet

Tinea pedis is more commonly known as what?

Athlete’s foot

Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) is shown by erythema, scaling, erosions, maceration, and/or bullae

True or False?

True

Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) is asymptomatic, but may be associated with itching

True or False?

True

How do you prevent tinea pedis (athlete’s foot)?

Keep feet dry and shower shoes in public facilities

How do you treat tinea pedis (athlete’s foot)

Topical antifungals

What is this?

Tinea pedis

Tinea cruris (jock itch) effects what?

Groin, pubic regions, and thighs

Tinea cruris is better known as?

Jock itch

In tinea cruris (jock itch), lesions are large, scaling, well-demarcated, and dull red to brown plaques

True or False?

True

Tinea cruris (jock itch) is asymptomatic, but may have mild itching

True or False?

True

Some factors that increase your chance of getting tinea cruris (jock itch) are humidity, tight clothing, and obesity

True or False?

True

What do you use to treat tinea cruris (jock itch)

Topical antifungals

What is this?

Tinea cruris

What is the last five letter for any topical antifungal?

azole

In cases where lesions are large, numerous, or resistant to topical treatment what can be given for Dermatophytosis (tinea)?

Oral antifungals with griseofulvin

Fungal infection caused by yeast are most commonly known as what?

Candida albicans

Candida infection can affect any anatomical structure

True or False?

True

Who is the most susceptible to candida (this is involving those who are very young and very old)?

People with a compromised immune system

What is it called when a candida infection is in an intertriginous area?

Intertrigo

What is an intertriginous area?

Where 2 skin surfaces run together

In intertrigo, a rash begins with vesiculopustular (vesicles and pustules), which rupture, causing maceration

True or False?

True

What medicines are used to treat intertrigo topically?

Nystatin and clotrimazole

What is used to treat candida orally?

Fluconazole (Diflucan)

What is this?

Candida