SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL AND MANAGEMENT FACILITIES

ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

The systematic administration of activities which provide for segregation at source, segregated transportation, storage, transfer, processing, treatment, and disposal of solid waste and all other waste management activities which do not harm the environment.

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

The strategic approach to sustainable management of solid wastes covering all sources and all aspects, covering generation, segregation, transfer, sorting, treatment, recovery and disposal in an integrated manner, with an emphasis on maximizing resource use efficiency

SOLID WASTES

Those materials, other than liquids or gases, that are deemed by their owner to no longer possess value and are discarded.

WASTE GENERATOR

The individual or organization discarding solid waste.

GENERATION

The act or process of producing solid waste

COLLECTION

The act of removing solid waste from the source or from a communal storage point.

PHASE ONE

House to Can

PHASE TWO

Can to Truck

PHASE THREE

Truck From House to House

PHASE FOUR

Truck Routing

PHASE FIVE

Truck to Disposal

SEGREGATION

Refer to a solid waste management practice of separating different materials found in solid waste in order to promote recycling and re-use of resources and to reduce the volume of waste for collection and disposal.

SEGREGATION AT SOURCE

shall refer to a solid waste management practice of separating, at the point of origin, different materials found in solid waste in order to promote recycling and re-use of resources and to reduce the volume of waste for collection and disposal.

STORAGE

Refer to the interim containment of solid waste after generation and prior to collection for ultimate recovery or disposal

TRANSPORTATION

the movement of waste over a specific area by trains, tankers, trucks, barges, or other vehicles.

TRANSFER STATION

the facilities used to receive SW, temporarily store, separate, convert, or process materials in SW or transfer solid waste from small to larger vehicles for transport.

DUMPER TRUCK

a container lifting devices used in transporting large size container to transfer stations or to disposal sites

COMPACTOR VEHICLE

an equipment mounted generally on trucks and are used to increase density of waste so that a large of waste can be carried at a time;

FLATBED CRANE TRUCK

Useful for collecting skips from transfer stations, markets and industrial area

AUTO VEHICLES

This is common means of transportation use in transporting waste in several developing countries.

MRF

plant that separates and prepares single-stream recycling materials to be sold to end buyers

REUSE

Recovering materials for the same or diff purpose w/o alteration of physical and chemical characteristic

RECYCLE

Treating of used or waste materials to be beneficial for other purpose SW materials transformed into new products or as raw material

PETE

Thin clear plastic such as bottled water, soda, juices, condiments. Stable at normal temp and leech when exposed to heat (when left in car).

HDPE

Use for milk, water jugs, juice bottles, detergent, shampoo, motor oil containers, toys Safe to refill and reuse

PVC

Everything used as shower curtains, baby bibs, mattress covers, shampoo and liquid soap bottles, cling wrap, cooking bottles, pipes. Contains endocrine-disrupting phthalates linked to reproductive birth-defects

LDPE

Use to create flexible plastics such as grocery store bags, plastic food storage bags, bread bags, frozen food packaging bags, plastic wrap, dry cleaning bags, garbage bag.

POLYPROPYLENE

Use to create hard but flexible products Yogurt containers, drinking straws, syrup bottles, salad bat containers, diapers

POLYSTYRENE

Found in rigid plastics and in styro foam plastics can leach styrene (neurotoxin w/ negative health effects)

CULLETS

- pieces or shards of broken glass

ALUMINUM

- beverages cans and foil trays

COPPER

wires, pipes and tubes used in electrical and plumbing installations

STEEL

- iron alloys, stainless steel, galvanized iron sheets, steel pipes and tubes, kitchen utensils and roofing sheets

TIN

cans commonly used in canning processed food and beverages

COMPOSITE PACKAGING

- these are materials made of a combination of paper, plastic and foil.

ECO BRICK BOTTLES

instead of disposing the residual waste to sanitary landfills or in dumpsites, wraps can be used to fill and fortify plastic bottles that will serve as building blocks

WASTE TREATMENT

- refers to the activities required to ensure that waste has the least practicable impact on the environment

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT

- recovers energy from biodegradable waste using microorganism

ANAEROBIC DIGESTION

involves the use of usually dome-like structures called digesters that contain microorganisms that break down waste to produce methane gas; this process does not require oxygen to decompose biodegradable waste

PORTABLE BIOGAS TECHNOLOGY

allow households or municipalities to convert biodegradable waste into biogas; microorganisms are mixed with shredded organic materials and fed into the portable reactors where they undergo a digestion process that produces methane gas

COMPOSTING

controlled aerobic decomposition of organic waste materials by the action of the small invertebrates and microorganisms

VERMICOMPOSTING

process of using earthworms in producing organic fertilizers from biodegradable materials

LASAGNA COMPOSTING

compostable materials are arranged in thin layers to allow decomposition even without turning the compost

TAKAHURA HOME METHOD

- involves the use of seed compost made by mixing a fermented salt and fermented sugar solution with rice husks and rice bran.

BOKASHI COMPOSTING

uses benefical microorganisms to ferment compostable materials without releasing any foul odors

STATIC PILE COMPOSTING

organic waste mixed in a large pile.

WINDROW COMPOSTING

involves forming organic waste into rows of long piles called “windrows” and aerating them periodically by either manually or mechanically turning the piles

IN-VESSEL COMPOSTING

- involves feeding organic materials into a drum or similar equipment. This allows good control of the environmental conditions such as temperature, moisture, and airflow

THERMAL TREATMENT

application of high temperatures to generate energy from waste

THERMAL COMBUSTION

waste materials are used as fuel to produce steam which is then used to generate electricity

PYROLYSIS

use of heat to induce waste decomposition in the absence of oxygen

GASIFICATION

process of converting solid waste into syngas; modification of pyrolysis; and Used without combustion and with controlled amount of oxygen and/or steam

INCINERATION

- Engineered process using controlled flame combustion to thermally degrade wastes to less bulky, less toxic, less noxious materials

ROTARY KILN INCINERATOR

- rotating combustion chamber that keeps waste moving mixing w/ air to allow them to vaporize for easier burning

MOVING GRATE INCINERATOR

movement of wastes through combustion chamber to be optimized to allow efficient and complete combustion

WASTE DISPOSAL

- final stage of waste management

WASTE DISPOSAL

Discharge, deposit, dumping, spilling, leaking, or placing of any SW into or in any land

OPEN BURNING

Thermal destruction of wastes by direct exposure to fire;

SEA DUMPING

refuse shall be taken in barges sufficiently far away from coast (15-30 km) and dumped there

MANURE PITS

Garbage, cattle dung, straw, and leaves should be dumped into the manure pits and covered with earth after each's day dumping

BURIAL

suitable for small camps; A trench, 1.5 m wide and 2m deep is excavated, and at the end of each's day the refuse is covered with 20 to 30 cm of earth

OPEN DUMPSITE

- Solid wastes are indiscriminately thrown or disposed of without planning and consideration for environment and health standards

CONTROLLED DUMPSITE

Solid waste deposited with minimum prescribed standards of dumpsite operation

SANITARY LANDFILL

- Designed, constructed, operated and maintained with engineering control over significant potential and environmental impacts from development and operation of facility