Nelson Final Study Guide Flashcards

Flashcards based on the Nelson final study guide lecture notes.

What is the normal range for Sodium?

135-145

What is the normal range for Potassium?

3.5-5

What is the normal range for Magnesium?

1.5-2.4

What is the normal range for Calcium?

8.5-10.3

What is a type of rapid-acting insulin?

Lispro

When does rapid-acting insulin (Lispro) typically peak?

1 hour

What is a type of short-acting insulin?

Regular

Within how many hours should you eat after administering Short Acting Insulin?

Two hours

When does short-acting insulin (Regular) typically peak when administered intravenously (IV)?

Two hours

What is a type of intermediate-acting insulin?

NPH

What is an important step when preparing NPH insulin?

It should be rolled in your hands.

Where should opened insulin be stored?

In the refrigerator

What effect does glucagon have on blood glucose?

Increases blood glucose

What effect does insulin have on blood glucose?

Decreases blood glucose

What is the main site for insulin injection?

Abdomen

When should blood glucose be checked?

Before meals and when having symptoms

What are the clinical manifestations of type 1 diabetes?

Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, ketones in urine, poor wound healing, fatigue, neuropathy

What are the clinical manifestations of type 2 diabetes?

Obese, sedentary lifestyle, poor wound healing, polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, neuropathy

What are some interventions for diabetes management?

Achieve a healthy weight, 30 minutes of exercise a day, use the MYPLATE method

What are the common side effects of Metformin?

Diarrhea, nausea, stomach cramps, gas, B12 deficiency

Which labs should be monitored when a patient is taking Metformin?

BUN and Creatinine

What are some important nursing interventions for a patient undergoing neck dissection?

Preoperative education, maintaining airway clearance, relieving pain, providing wound care, maintaining adequate nutrition, promoting effective communication, watching for hemorrhage

What is the action of PPIs (e.g., omeprazole)?

Block hydrochloric acid release

What conditions do PPIs (e.g., omeprazole) treat?

Heartburn, GERD, ulcers

What are the common side effects of PPIs (e.g., omeprazole)?

Headache, dizziness, GI upset

What are some nursing implications for PPI administration?

Administer with meals or at bedtime, monitor renal and hepatic function

What are important nursing interventions for patients receiving tube feeding?

HOB > 30 degrees, watch for aspiration and proper tube placement